History of Roaring. 13 



usual condition of wasted muscles on the side deprived of 

 the influence of the recurrent nerve."i 



In the following year (1838), Ferguson found, on making 

 the autopsy of a horse which had been a Roarer for a long 

 time, one of the recurrent nerves (left) enveloped and com- 

 pressed by a voluminous mass of indurated bronchial 

 lymphatic glands, and the portion of nerve between these 

 and the larynx was quite different to that on the opposite 

 side, being greatly wasted and its fibres scarcely distinguish- 

 able. All the laryngeal muscles which received filaments 

 from this nerve were so completely atrophied that it was 

 difficult to recognise their structure, while the glottal open- 

 ing he described as twisted, the borders of the arytenoid 

 cartilage partly obstructing it.^ 



In 1846, Lafosse relates that a horse which, at first, only 

 manifested Roaring at intervals, was at last continuously 

 affected ; dyspnoea became progressively more marked until, 

 during a violent attack, the animal died asphyxiated. At 

 the autopsy, the bronchial lymphatic glands were found 

 extremely enlarged, brownish in colour, adherent to each 

 other and to the lungs, and containing pus at various 

 points ; while the pneumogastric nerves were compressed in 

 them, and almost confounded in their mass.' 



Goubaux, a recent director of the Alfort Veterinary 

 School, in 1848 gave a brief account of the alterations he 

 had observed in the larynges of horses which had been 

 Roarers f and in a communication to the Soci^td de 

 Biologie in 1853, seemingly unconscious of what had 

 already been accomplished in this direction by other 

 investigators, he alludes to these observations, and dwells 

 on the fact that in " chronic Roaring " muscular atrophy on 

 the left side of the larynx was nearly a constant feature. 

 In 1864, in another communication to the Soci^t^ 

 Yetdrinaire of Paris, he further confirms the fact, and even 



1 " Veterinarian," 1837, " Proceedings of Veterinary Association." 



2 " Veterinarian," 1838. ^ " Journal de Veterinaires du Midi," 1846. 



^ " Recueil de Medecine Vet&inaires," 1848. 



