Preventive and Curative Treatment. 145 



lages alike movable when the larynx was opened ; showing 

 that the noise made in respiration was not due in this case 

 to laryngeal paralysis ; and also demonstrating the value of 

 operating in the larynx from the front. 



A very old horse (sixteen years at least), an extreme 

 case of Roaring, was operated on ; but it was observed 

 that the right cartilage moved very feebly, and that the 

 cavity of the larynx appeared altogether constricted. 

 The operation did not afford much relief, and the animal 

 was consequently destroyed about three months afterwards 

 for examination. The left vocal cord, which had not been 

 excised, projected from the inner surface of the thyroid 

 cartilage, but there was no constriction from retraction of 

 mucous membrane ; the right dilator muscle was pale and 

 much degenerated in its middle portion, and its arytenoid 

 cartilage and corresponding vocal cord consequently ob- 

 structed the lumen of the larynx. This might almost be 

 designated a case of bilateral paralysis. 



It may be noted that, notwithstanding removal of the 

 arytsenoid cartilage and the vocal cord, the horse can 

 swallow, cough, neigh, sneeze, and perform expulsive acts 

 as if these were still present, and that the operation does 

 not appear to cause any inconvenience whatever to the 

 animal afterwards. In the course of a few months it is 

 very difficult to discover any traces of the operation in 

 the region of the neck. 



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