The Operation for Roaring. 155 



the blood can be mopped out of the trachea by the 

 sponges ; it cannot pass down that tube, owing to the 

 position of the neck. If necessary, the electric-lamp may 

 be employed to ascertain how the operation has been 

 performed, or even during the operation ; but after a little 

 experience this is not needed. 



Third Stage. — The trachea is completely freed from 

 blood, and the tampon cannula introduced, the bag being 

 inflated after it has been properly passed into the trachea, 

 by means of the indiarubber pump ; the cannula is then 

 secured in position by a tape round the neck. It is only 

 required for about half an hour, until the hsemorrhage has 

 ceased, as it will prevent blood passing into the lungs 

 while the horse is getting up, and for a short time after- 

 wards, respiration being carried on through the tube. It 

 ought not to be left in any longer, as it is liable to 

 injure the interior of the trachea. The blood is again 

 cleared out of the larynx, and one or two syringefuls 

 of the common salt or borax solution are injected into 

 it and the pharynx. This washes out these cavities 

 and the sinuses of the head — a necessary precaution, 

 as putrefying blood in them sometimes gives rise to trouble- 

 some consequences. Swallowing should be induced by 

 touching the epiglottis, and then the horse may be turned 

 on his side, the lower margin of the wound being depressed 

 to allow the remaining blood and water to flow out. This 

 completes the operation. ^ 



The horse is now allowed to recover from the chloroform, 

 and when ready he may be assisted to get up, care being 



' Though it has required some time to describe it, yet the operation 

 may be rapidly performed by an expert operator. I was present on 

 one occasion when Mr. Raymond went through the whole course of 

 operation in five minutes ; this embracing throwing the horse down, 

 giving the chloroform, opening the larynx and trachea, excising the 

 cartilage, and inserting and securing the cannula. The usual time he 

 occupies is ten to fifteen minutes. 



