THE SEEDS OF VICTORY INSURE THE FRUITS OF PEACE 17 



good substitute is the whisk broom, for 

 spattering the spray on plants. After using, 

 wash out pump and hose as some sprays will 

 corrode metal and others will rot hose. The 

 ordinary sprinkling pot may be used to apply 

 mixtures, but this is wasteful. 



Buy Spraying Materials Early 



Early purchase of spraying materials is 

 important. The supply will be limited and 

 the demand large. Make a list of the ma- 

 terials you will need, with amounts, and 

 place your order immediately. If you have 

 equipment from last season place your order 

 early for repair parts for pump, hose or 

 nozzle, especially extra couplings and hose 

 splicers for burst hose. If you delay until 

 the spraying season arrives you are likely to 

 fail to procure your supply. By 

 joining with friends or neighbors 

 and buying in quantities you can 

 procure materials at lower prices 

 than if buying alone. 



For home mixing the poisons 

 and chemicals required for sprays 

 and other remedies and prevent- 

 ives can be bought at a drug or 

 seed store. The mixtures ready 

 prepared can be bought at a seed 

 store. 



Diseases 



The ordinary blights are usually 

 overcome by spraying with Bor- 

 deaux mixture, made as indicated 

 in the next paragraph. There 

 are some diseases, however, which 

 cannot be overcome, and when 

 trouble appears that does not 

 yield to treatment the affected 

 plants should be taken up and burned to 

 prevent the spread of the infection to others. 



Bordeaux Mixture 



Copper Sulphate. Blue Stone or Blue 



Vitriol ■* 



Lump Lime or Hydrated Lime -i 



Water ^i-o 



To make Bordeaux mixture procure the 

 ingredients at a drug or seed store. If lump 

 lime is used it must be fresh. Instead of 

 lump lime some authorities prefer fresh hy- 

 drated lime as being just as good and at the 

 same time much simpler to use, needing 

 only to be stirred into the water. Hydrated 

 lime is lime to which enough water to dry- 

 slake it has been added by the manufac- 

 turer. It is a powder and does not require 



slaking. 



For making or holding Bordeaux mixture 

 use containers of wood, glass or earthenware. 

 In one container dissolve the copper sul- 



phate in about one-half gallon of hot water 

 and then dilute with enough cold water to 

 make a total of l}^ gallons; or wrap the 

 copper sulphate in a small piece of cheese- 

 cloth, fill a quart jar with cold water and sus- 

 pend the copper sulphate into the top of the 

 water; in a couple of hours it will be dis- 

 solved. In another vessel slake the lime 

 and dilute it with enough water to make 1^ 

 gallons. If hydrated lime is used simply 

 mix it with water. Then pour these two 

 solutions together, pouring the solution of 

 copper sulphate slowly into the mixture of 

 lime and water, stirring vigorously while this 

 process is under way. The stirring insures 

 proper mixing of the two. 



Bordeaux mixture may be purchased in 

 concentrated form from seedsmen, but the 



Fig. 22 — Potato blights and their eflcct. At the left are shown leaves 

 afflicted with early blight, indicated by brown spots with concentric 

 rinss. At the right is shown late blight, with dark brown spots looking 

 water-soaked. These pictures should help in detecting trouble. 



ounces 

 oimces 

 gallons 



homemade mixture is better and cheaper. 

 Do not make more at one time than will be 

 needed within a short time. The mixture 

 is better and more effective if made fresh for 

 each spraying. 



Sulphur 



For the control of mildew, pulverized sul- 

 phur or flowers of sulphur, procured at a 

 drug or seed store, is dusted full strength on 

 the diseased plants. A tin can with small 

 holes punched in the bottom makes a good 

 sifter for this purpose, or a cheap flour sifter 

 may be used. The holes in a flour sifter are 

 the proper size for this purpose. 



THE SUCKING INSECTS 



For the destruction of insects which suck 

 the sap of plants, such as the true bugs and 

 the plant lice, or aphids, it is necessary to 



