THE MIND OF APES AND OF MAN 269 



of " instinct," such as that which causes it to find its 

 mother's nipple and to suck it, and to cling and support 

 its own weight as no full-grown child can do. It is 

 singularly free from any large number of inherited 

 " instincts," and, to its own great advantage, has, during 

 the many years in which it is protected by its parents, 

 to learn everything and to construct new brain 

 mechanisms — the results of " education " of the individual. 

 We here use the word " education " in its proper and 

 widest sense. 



Thus we get an indication of " the reason why " the 

 modern rhinoceros has a brain eight times as big as the 

 titanotherium's. It is more " educable." The ancestors 

 of our modern armour-plated friend have been surviving 

 and beating their less " educable " brothers and sisters 

 and cousins through a vast geological lapse of time ; and 

 the brains of the survivors have always been bigger, and 

 they have become more educable and more educated 

 until the race has culminated in those models of " sweet 

 reasonableness," the modern rhinoceroses ! It must be 

 confessed that this character attributed to the rhinoceros 

 is a matter of inference and not of direct observation of 

 that animal when under his native sky. We do not 

 judge the survivor of a fine early Miocene family by the 

 fury and annoyance he shows when shot at, nor by the 

 stolid contempt with which he treats mankind at the 

 Zoo. The same signification — " educability " — attaches 

 to the large brain of the higher apes ; and man's still 

 larger brain means still greater educability and resulting 

 reasonableness. 



In order that natural selection and the survival of 

 the fittest should have led to this increased size and 

 accompanying educability of the brain, it is necessary to 



