actually to know and sympathize with the joys and sorrows of 

 his master ; and on this acconnt it is that he is alike the pam- 

 pered menial of royaJty and the half-starved partaker of the 

 beggar's crust." When the anecdotal chapter of this section is 

 arrived at, I have no doubt that the reader will be of the same 

 opinion with the great Cuvier. 



There is so much to say about the dog, that to the impor- 

 tant subject, the origin of the domestic dog, much too little 

 space can be spared. All sorts of theories have been started. 

 According to some, all domestic dogs are to be regarded as one 

 species ; and, as that species is not certainly known to exist in a 

 truly wild state, all the wild dogs, which must be admitted to 

 belong to the same species, being viewed as the offspring of do- 

 mestic dogs, which have returned to a wild state ; while, however, 

 it is supposed that the original type or characteristics of the 

 species modified by domestication have in a great measure 

 disappeared. Other writers insist that there are numerous 

 species of, dog, originally distinct, and differing, to a notable 

 extent, not only in size and other physical characters, but also 

 in disposition and instincts. A clever writer of this latter 

 way of thinking, says : " It seems to have been too hastily 

 taken for granted, in favour of the opinion that there is only 

 one species of dog, that all the wild races, even the Dholes 

 (Kholsun is this animal's native name, and it inhabits the 

 western frontiers of British India), and the dingo, have sprung 

 from domestic progenitors. There is certainly no evidence of 

 this ; and the fact that wUd races exist, exhibiting marked 

 diversities of character in countries widely remote and of very 

 different climates, is referred to with confidence on the other 

 side, as affording a strong presumption in favour of the sup- 

 position that man has in different countries domesticated the 

 different species which he found there. We do not yet know 

 enough of the amount and limits of the changes which circum- 

 stances may produce to warrant any confident conclusions on 

 that ground ; and if we were to adopt the views of those who 

 ascribe least to such causes, we might yet demand them to 

 show why, although from certain original types no mixed race 

 can originate, there may not yet be other original types capable 

 of such combination, or why the limits must be held equally 

 impossible between all that were framed by an original act of 

 creation. That there was only one original pair of the human 

 race, may be held without one, of necessity, holding that there 

 was originally but one pair of dogs." 



