OEIGIlf AKD KINDS OF BUDS. 35 



root is capable of producing buds," p. 330. But, as 1 

 have said, adyentitions buds appear as freely on roots as 

 on leaves, and under similar conditions, but vegetable 

 physiologists seem to be inclined to ignore the fact, or 

 get around it by saying that when a root produces a bud 

 it should be considered as a subterranean stem. The late 

 Dr. Lindley in his " Theory of Horticulture " says: "In 

 general, roots have no buds, and are therefore incapable 

 of multiplying the plant to which they belong," but he 

 adds, "'that it constantly happens in some species that 

 they have the power of forming what are called adven- 

 titious buds; and, in such cases, they may be employed 

 for the purposes of propagation." 



Prof. Asa Gray, in his "Structural Botany," Chap, 

 iii., p. 83, says that, although roots are not naturally 

 furnished with buds, yet, under certain circumstances, 

 tliose of many trees and shrubs and some herbs, have the 

 power of producing them. Again, in Chap, iv., p. 98, 

 he says of adventitious buds: " It has been already re- 

 marked that roots, although naturally destitute of buds, 

 do yet produce them in certain plants, especially when 

 wounded." This is very true, but there are many species 

 of plants, and notably among these the Wild Easpberry of 

 both Europe and America, that multiply naturally and 

 rapidly from adventitious buds on their true roots, as 

 well as from those developed on what are usually con- 

 sidered as subterranean stems. 



With the present state of our knowledge in regard to 

 the structure of plants, it would not be wise, to say the 

 least, to attempt to fix a limit to the range of adventi- 

 tious buds, for, as I have already said, their origin de- 

 pends largely upon the vital energies of the parent cell, 

 and, as Prof. Schleiden remarks, " the self-subsistence and 

 power of reproduction of the cell is the foundation of 

 the reproduction of plants." From this power, under 

 favorable conditions, can eacl^ individual cell of grouj 



