362 PKOPAGATIOlir OF PLAITTS. 



the sprouts to remain for a year where they have grown, after severing 

 the root ; and tC fine, rich soil, is thrown in around the base of these 

 sprouts, new fibers will usually appear during the season, and when the 

 plants are removed less of the old or main root will be needed to ensure 



Fig. 96. — ^HICKOBT WITH EOOT SPEOUTS. 



growth after transplanting. In figure 96 a Hickory tree is shown with a 

 number of forced sprouts from the roots in position. 



Cassandra (Leather Leal). — ^A genus of small native shinibs, closely 

 allied to the Andromedas, and of the " Heath Family." Usually propa- 

 gated by layers or dividing the plants as taken from the bogs and low 

 grounds, where they are to be obtained in abundance. 



Cassia (Senna). — A genus of some two hundred species of shrubs 

 and herbs. Very few of the species are in cultivation, or are they of any 

 special interest. AH are readily propagated by seed. The ligneous 

 species may be increased by cuttings of the half-ripened shoots under 

 glass. 



Castanea (Chestnut). — A genus of a few species, but of many varies 

 ties. Propagated by planting the nuts as soon as ripe in the autumn, or 

 preserving them in sii'l ai'l stoi'el in a cold place until spring, 

 then planting as du-ected lor Hickoiy-nuts. Varieties are increased 

 by grafting on seedling stocks — splice grafting being the preferable 



