SECT. II 



PHANEROGAMIA 



479 



stalk bears a bracteole or superior palea, which is always devoid of 

 an awn (Fig. 421, B), and two scales, the LODICULES (C). The 

 lodicules are sometimes regarded as a reduced perigone, but are more 

 probably two halves of another deeply divided hypsophyll. At the 

 time of flowering the lodicules become swollen, and by forcing apart 



Fio. 420.— Part of a Grass stem and 

 leaf, h, Haulm ; s, part of leaf- 

 blade ; I, ligula ; v, leaf -sheath; 

 /.-, node-like swelling at the base of 

 the leaf-sheath. 



Fig. 421. — Festuca pratensis.- A, Spikelet with two open 

 flowers (xS);J, flower showing the two lodicules in 

 front and the superior palea behind ( x 12) ; C, a lodi- 

 cule, isolated (x 12) ; D, ovary viewed from the side, 

 with the severed stalk of one stigma ( x 12). 



the palese and glumes they bring about the opening of the flowers. 

 All the axial portions of the spikelets are short, so that the bracts, 

 packed one immediately over the other, are only partially visible. 



The andrcecium consists usually of three stamens, each with a large 

 elongated anther attached below the middle to the apex of the slender 



