SECT. II 



PHAISTEROGAMIA 



535 



abnormally - developed partition - walls. The seeds contain several adventitious 

 embryos. All the species of Citrus are native of tropical Asia, but most of them 

 are now cultivated in all warm countries. The most important are — ft vulgaris, 

 the Bitter or Seville Orange ; ft Aurantium, the Sweet Orange (Fig. 505) ; ft 

 Limonum, the Lemon ; ft rnedica, the Citron. 



Poisonous. — An incautious use of the Rue [Ruta graveolens), a popular medi- 

 cinal plant, has sometimes an injurious effect. The Rue is an aromatic under- 

 shrub, with twice or thrice pinnate, glaucous leaves, and dichasial cincinnal 

 inflorescences of yellow flowers (Fig. 504). 



Officinal. — Citrus vulgaris yields Cortex fructus Aurantii and Fructus 

 Aurantii immaturi, Oleum Aurantii florum and Folia Aurantii ; Citrus 

 Limonum, Cortex Limonis ; Pilocarpus pcnnalif alius (Brazil), Folia Jaborandi. 



Fig. 505. — Citrus Aurantium. 1, Flowering branch ; 2, a flower cut through longitudinally ; 

 3, fruit in longitudinal section ; 4, seed. — Officinal. (After Wossidlo.) 



Family Burseraceae. — As in the preceding family, but with resin-canals. 

 Tropical trees. 



Officinal. — Myrrh, the resin of Commiphora Myrrha, a small East African 

 and Arabian tree ; Frankincense, from Boswellia Cartesii and Boswellia Ehau- 

 Dajiana (Arabia, East Africa); Elemi, from Canarium sp. (Philippine Islands). 



Family Simarubaceae. — Like the Buiaceae, only without oil-cavities, but some- 

 times with oil-canals ; the vegetative parts contain bitter principles. Tropical 

 woody plants. 



Officinal. — Lignum Quassiae, from Picraena excelsa (West Indies, chiefly 

 Jamaica) and Quassia amara (Surinam). 



The Anacardiaceae occupy a position between the Terebinthinae (especially the 

 Burseraceae) and the Sapindinae. They resemble the first in appearance and in the 

 possession of resin-canals and an intra-staminal disc, and the latter in the upward- 

 directed micropyle. Many members of this family are poisonous plants, e.g. 

 the species of Rhus, Sumach. 



Officinal. — Mastiche, a gum-resin, obtained from Pistacia Lenticus (Medi- 

 terranean). 



