-'.Ill 



BOTANY 



PAET II 



There is, properly speaking, no characteristic feature which separates the 

 Oaprifoliaceae and Mubiaceae. 



The majority of the members of this family are shrubs with simple 

 or pinnate leaves and, most often, with cymose inflorescences. The 

 corolla is rotate, campanulate or tubular, in the last case zygomorphic. 

 The fruit is commonly a berry or drupe. 



Subdivisions. — (1) Sambuceae. Corolla actinomorphic, rotate ; style short ; 

 fruit a drupe. Samlucus, the Elder, has pinnate leaves and a drupaceous fruit 

 with three stones. The leaves of Viburnum (Arrow-wood, Guelder-rose) are 

 simple ; the drupes have only one stone. (2) Lonicereae. Flowers with an actino- 



Pia. 581.- 



■Sambucus nigra. 1, Flowering branch; 2, a flower cut through longitudinally; 3, fruit; 

 4, floral diagram. — Officinal. (After Wossidlo.) 



morphic or zygomorphic, tubular corolla and a correspondingly long style, e.g. 

 Lonicera (Honeysuckle) with zygomorphic flowers, Linnaea (Twin-flower), etc. 



Geographical Distribution. — The Caprifoliaceae are in large part represented 

 by shrubs and small trees growing in woods and thickets in the Temperate Zone of 

 the Northern Hemisphere. Several well-known ornamental plants are included 

 in this family : the Snowball-tree or Guelder-rose, a variety of Viburnum Opulus, 

 with sterile flowers only ; and the various species of Honeysuckle (Lonicera) and 

 Bush-Honeysuckle or Weigelia. 



Officinal. — Sambucus nigra (Fig. 581) and S. canadensis yield Flores 

 Sambuci. 



Family Valerianaceae. — Flowers asymmetrical, with penta- 



