INTRODUCTION OF THE MICROSCOPE 61 
he became associated with Borelli, who, as an older man, 
assisted him in many ways. They united in some work, and 
together they discovered the spiral character of the heart 
muscles. But the climate of Pisa did not agree with him, 
and after three years he returned, in 1659, to teach in the 
University of Bologna, and applied himself assiduously to 
anatomy. 
Here his fame was in the ascendant, notwithstanding the 
machinations of his enemies and detractors, led by Sbaraglia. 
He was soon (1662) called to Messina to follow the famous 
Castelli. After a residence there of four years he again 
returned to Bologna, and as he was now thirty-eight years 
of age, he thought it time to retire to his villa near the city 
in order to devote himself more fully to anatomical studies, 
but he continued his lectures in the university, and also his 
practice of medicine. 
Honors at Home and Abroad.—Malpighi’s talents were 
appreciated even at home. The University of Bologna hen- 
ored him in 1686 with a Latin ewlogium; the city erected a 
monument to his memory; and after his death, in the city of 
Rome, his body was brought to Bologna and interred with 
great pomp and ceremony. At the three hundredth anniver- 
sary of his death, in 1894, a festival was held in Bologna, 
his monument was unveiled, and a book of addresses by 
eminent anatomists was published in his honor. 
During his lifetime he received recognition also from 
abroad, but that is less remarkable. In 1668 he was elected 
an honorary member of the Royal Society of London. He 
was very sensible of this honor; he kept in communication 
with the society; he presented them with his portrait, and 
deposited in their archives the original drawings illustrating 
the anatomy of the silkworm and the development of the chick. 
In 1691 he was taken to Rome by the newly elected pope, 
Innocent XII, as his personal physician, but under these new 
