184 BIOLOGY AND ITS MAKERS 
nine, and had already entered upon his career as the lead- 
ing physiologist of Germany. What Bell had divined he 
demonstrated by experiments. 
Charles Bell (Fig. 55) was a surgeon of eminence; in 
private life he was distinguished by “‘ unpretending amenity, 
and simplicity of manners and deportment.” 
Fic. 55.—CHARLES BELL, 1774-1842. 
Period of Johannes Muller.—The period that marks the 
beginning of modern physiology came next, and was due to 
the genius and force of Johannes Miiller (1801-1858). Ver- 
worn says of him: ‘He is one of those monumental fig- 
ures that the history of every science brings forth but once. 
