FRUIT AND LEAF BUDS 33 



the nearest winter bud will rouse from its 

 slumbers, throw off its wrappings, and become a 

 summer bud forthwith, lending itself to an en- 

 tire change of program for the good of the 

 cause. For buds, like leaves, work "each for 

 all, and all for each." Always the hopes and 

 ambitions of the individual give way to the 

 common interest for which they labor — the mak- 

 ing of a strong and mighty monarch, which shall 

 be a tree of trees amongst its fellows. 



A study of buds reveals some interesting 

 things in leaf arrangement. Here is an apple 

 twig. Note how the buds are arranged. They 

 are set, one at a joint, on alternate sides of the 

 twig. A line joining them is a spiral that goes 

 twice around the twig before the sixth bud is 

 reached directly above, or below, the one chosen 

 as a starting point. This is called the five- 

 ranked order. It is the plan adopted by all 

 the coromon fruit trees, and it is quite popular 

 among the forest trees. This "Eule of Five" 

 is also repeated in the flowers and fruits, for 

 floral parts, the botanists tell us, are simply 

 "modified leaves," brought into the same plane 

 by the shortened stem. 



There are many rEinking plans — from twos 

 to thirteen and up, the object being always to 

 secure the best possible exposure to the sun and 



