THE ELM FAMILY 143 



grant, and nutritious. They love to chew it. 

 Grandmother makes a fine sore throat remedy 

 from the "slippery" bark. The tree is called 

 red elm, from the color of its wood, and moose 

 elm, because moose are fond of its young shoots. 

 It grows best along hillsides and the banks of 

 streams, and ranges from the St. Lawrence 

 basin southward to Florida and westward to the 

 Dakotas and Texas. 



The hickory elm, or cork elm, is the most use- 

 ful of the family. It grows from Quebec west 

 to Minnesota and Nebraska and south as far as 

 Tennessee. It may be known by its rough red- 

 dish-gray corky bark and its hairy buds, twigs, 

 and fruit. The wood is strong, tough, easily 

 cut, and takes a fine polish, hence it is in great 

 demand. This elm is also known as cliff elm, 

 swamp elm, and rock elm. 



Other important elms are the English elm; 

 the Scotch, or wych-elm ; the wahoo, or winged 

 elm of the Southern states; and the false elm. 

 The latter, also known as the hackberry, sugar 

 berry, and nettle tree, is a peculiar tree ranging 

 from Quebec southward and westward to the 

 Eockies. East of the AUeghenies it is a stunted 

 tree and bears little resemblance to the elms; 

 in the Mississippi Valley it reaches a height of 

 from sixty to seventy feet, with a beautiful 



