THE ARTIFICIAL STSTEM. 167 



§ 1. The first thirteen classes comprehend all f?uch plants 

 as have their flowers all perfect, their stamens unconnected and 

 and of equal length, or at least neither didynamous nor tetra- 

 dynamous. , 



Class I. MONANDEIA, — One stamen'to each flower (Saltwort, etc.). 

 Class II. DiANDBiA, — two stamens (Circjea, Veronica). 

 Class III. Triandria, — three stamens (Ifia. Nearly all the Grasses). 

 Class IT. Teteandbia,— four stamens (Galium, Plantago). 

 Class V. PENTA2JDRIA, — five Stamens (Vitis, Conlum). 

 Class TI. Hexandeia. — six stamens (Lily, Tulip, Luzula). 

 Class VII. Heptandria, — seven stamens (Trientalis). 

 Class VIIL OOTANDRIA, — eight stamens (Erica, (Enothera). 

 Class IX. Ennbandeia, — nine^ stamens (Eheum, Sassafras)- 

 Class X. Decandeia, — ten stamens (Dianthus, Rhododendron). 

 Class XI. DODECANDEIA, — ^twelve to nineteen stamens (Asarum). 

 Class Xn. IcosANDEiA, — twenty or more stamens, perigynoua (Rosa). 

 Class XIIL POLYANDEIA, — ^twenty or more stamens, hypogynous (Ranunculus, 

 Papav^r). 

 § 2. The next two classes are founded on the relative 

 length of the stamens, the flowers being perfect and stamens 

 generally unconnected. 

 Class XIV. DiDTNAMiA, — four stamens, two long and two short, by pairs, as in 



Antirrhinum, Prunella. 

 Class XV. Teteadynamia, — six stamens, four long and two short, as in tlia 

 wall-flower and the CruciferEe generally. 

 § 3. The next four classes are determined by the con- 

 nection or union of the stamens. 

 Class XVI. MONAnELPHiA, — stamens united by their filaments into one set, a-. 



in Malva, Geranium. 

 Class XVII. DlADELPHiA.^stameus united by their filaments into two sets 



(Polygala, pea, Lathyrus). 

 Class XVIIL PoLTADELPHiA, — stamens united by their filaments into three or 



more sets (Hypericum). 

 Class XIX. Stngbnesia, stamens united by their anthers, as in the Asters and 

 other Compositse. 

 § 4. The next class depends for its character upon tht^ ad- 

 hesion of the stamens with the pistil. 

 Class XX. Gynandeia, — stamens and styles united, forming a column, as in 

 Orchis, Aselepias. 

 § 6. The next three classes include all plants with diclin- 

 ous flowers, some with pistils, some with stamens only. 

 Class XXI. MoNCEOiA, — stammate and pistillate flowers, both upon the samii 



plant (Pinus, Arum, Hazel). 

 Class XXII. DiOECiA, — staminate and pistillate flowers on separate plants (Wil- 

 low, Hemp, Hop, Smilai). 

 Class XXm. Polygamia, — staminate, pistillate and perfect flowers either on th* 

 same or on different plants, as in Acer, Acacia, Veratrum). 

 § 6. The last class includes flowerless plants. 



