' THB NATURAL STSTBM. 173 



2. Phride<e. Endogenous plants with the flowers usaally perfect and com- 

 plete, the perianth double, S-parted, the outer often and sometimes both green. 

 005. The class glumiferjE is equivalent to the cohort Orami- 

 noidecB, including the sedges, grains, and grasses — a truly natural as- 

 semblage. 



906. The class anqiospob-ik consists of three cohorts defined as 

 follows. 



1. Sporogamia. Angi6sporou3 plants, producing spores in which, when ger- 

 minating, anthiridial cells and archegonal, or ovulary bodies, are formed 

 (Lyoopodiaoese, Isoetaoese, Marsileaceae). 



2. ThaUogamia. Angiosporous plants producing spores of one kind in spor- 

 anges on the surface of the leaf or stem, the spore germinating into a 

 green prolhaUus (629) on which are developed antheridia and archegonia, 

 the latter giving origin to a leafy embryo (Equisetacese, Pilices). 



3. Axogamio,. Angiosporous plants producing antheridia and archegonia in 

 tlie axils of the leaves or in buds, the fertilized archegonia giving birth to 

 sporangcs filled with spores, all reproducing the plant (Mosses, Hepaticae, 

 Characea;). 



907. The class gymnospor^ consists of three cohorts, viz. : 



1. Aerophyta. Tliallogens growing and fructifying in the air, reproduced by 

 spores formed in osct, and by green gonidia formed in the medullary layer 

 of the thallus (Lichens). 



2. Hysterophyta. Thallogens growing in or on decaying organic substances 

 and fructifying in the open air, destitute of ehlorophylle and starch, re- 

 produced by spores formed in asci, ' by archegonal spores and by gonidea 

 (Pungi). 



3. Bydraphyta. Thallogens with a branching or foliaceous thallus; mem- 

 branous, gelatinous, or cartilaginous in texture, containing either ehloro- 

 phylle or a red coloring matter and often starch grains ; growing in water, 

 salt or fresh, or in moist substances in damp air (AJgse). 



908. The FOLLowma synoptical arranqement of the above divisions and aub- 

 divisions will exhibit at a glance the relative position and mutual relations of eadb. 



THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 



The sub-kingdom, Ph^nogajiia, or Flowering Plants. 

 Province 1st. Exogenm, or Dicotyledons. 

 Class I. Angiospermas. 



Cohort 1. Dialypetalse, or Polypetalse. 

 Cohort 2. Gamopetalse, or Monopetalaj. 

 Cohort 3. Apetate, or Monochamydeae. 

 Class II. Gymmosperrase. 

 Cohort 4. Conoideaj. 

 Province 2. Endogenoe, or Monoeotyledong. 

 Class III. Petaliferse, or Alguraaceae. 

 Cohort 6. Spadiciflorsa (Aroideae, etc.) 



