240 Oedeb 14.— CAPPARIDACE^. 



30. RAPHANUS, L. Radish. (Gr. pd, quickly, rpaiv^, to appear; 

 from its rapid growth.) Calyx erect ; petals obovate, unguiculate ; 

 siJiques terete, torulous, not opening by valves, transversely 2-jointed, 

 joints with one or several cells, seeds large, subglobous, in a single 

 series (0»). 



1 R. Raphanf strum L. 'Wild Radish. I;v.=;. lyrato ; siliipw mooiliform, 

 3—8-seeded, becoming in maturity 1-oelled, longer than the style. — Q) Naturalized 

 in cultivated fields and roadsides, but rare. St. giaucouy, branching, 1 — 2f high, 

 bristly. Lvs. rough, dentate, petiolate or sessile. Cal. bristly. Petals yellow, 

 veiny, blanching as they decay. Jn., Jl. § Eur. 



2 R. sativa L. G-.^rdex R.4.dish. Lower lvs. lyrate, petiolate; silique 

 2 — Z-seeded, acuminate, scarcely longer than the style- — A well known salad root 

 from China, St. 2 — 4f high, very branching. Lower lvs. 6 — 10' long. Fla 

 white, or tinged with purple, veiny. Pods 1 — 2' long, thiclc and fleshy. The 

 principal varieties are the Turnip Radish, root subglobous ; Common Radish, root 

 oblong, terete ; Black Spanish Radish, root black outside. Jn. — Aug. % 



Order XIV. CAPPARIDACEJE. Cappaeids. 



JBeris, shrubs, or even trees, destitute of true stipules. Leaves alternate, petiolatB, 

 either undivided or palmately compound. Fls. solitary or raoemous, cruciform, hy- 

 pogynous. Sep. 4, Pet. 4, unguiculate. Sta. 6 — 12, or some multiple of 4, never 

 tetradyuamous, on a disk or separated from the corolla by an iaternodo of the torus. 

 Ova. often stlpitate, of 2 united carpels. Sty. united into ono. Stig. discoid. Pr. 

 either pod-shaped and dehiscent, or fleshy and indehiscent. Placenlce usually 2. 

 Seeds many, reniform. Albumen 0. Embryo curved. Cotyledon foliaceous. (Illust. 

 in Fig. 290.) 



Genera 28, sp&ci&n 840 — chiefly tropical plants. They are more ftcrid in their properties than 

 the Orucifers, but otherwise much resemble them. One species of Polanisia is used as a ver- 

 mifuge. 



Stamens 6, separated from the petals by an internode No. 1 



Btamens 6, not separated from the petals ; No. 2 



Stamens 8 — 32. Torus not developed , No. 3 



1. GYNAWDROPSIS, DC. {Gynandria, a Linnasan class, oi/ijf ap- 

 pearance.) Sepals distinct, spreading ; stamens 6, separated from the 

 4 petals by a slender internode of the torus ; pod linear-oblong, raised 

 on a long stipe which rises from the top of the torus. — (J) Lvs. digitate. 

 Fls. racemed. 



G. pentaph^Ua DC. Middle lvs. petiolate, 5-foliate, floral and lower ones 

 3-foliate, lfts.^obovate, entire or denticulate. — In cultivated grounds, Ponn. to Ga. 

 St. simple, 2 — 3f high. Fls. of a very singular structure. Pedicels about 1' 

 long, slender. Calyx small. Petals white, J as long as their filiform clawa 

 Sta. 1' long, spreading, apparently arising from the midst of the long styloid 

 torus. Peds. 2' long. § Africa. (Cleome L.) 



2. CLEOfflE, L. Spider Flower. Sepals sometimes united at base ; 

 petals 4 ; torus not developed between the petals and the stamens, 

 which are 6 — 4 ; pod stipitate more or less. — Herbs or shrubs. Lvs, 

 simple or digitate. Fls. racemed or solitary. 



1 C. pungens L. Fig. 290. Glandular pubescent; et. simple, and with the 

 petioles aculeate; lvs. 5 — 9-foliate, on long petioles, Ifls. elliptic-lanceolate, acut« 

 at each end, obscurely denticulate; bracts simple; fls. racemed; sep. distinct; 

 pet. on filiform clawa; sta. 6, twice longer than the petals. — S A tall, showy 



