282 Obdek 37,— RUTACE^. « 



Piatils 2 to 5, separate or combined into a compound ovary, with as many cells, sesal* 

 or raised on a stipe (gynophore) ; styles mostly cohering. Fruit capsular, or separat- 

 ing into its component 1 or 2-seeded carpels. 



Genera 70, speeded 500 or more, generally natives of S. America and the tempeJate climeg 

 of other lands, few in N. America. Tiiey are generally possessed of a strongly aromatic, pun- 

 gent taste or fetid odor, antispasmodic and tonic properties. 



SUEOEDEES AND GENERA. 

 ItUTE/B. Flowers perfect. (Herbs. Stamens 10). 



Petals equal, concave. Capsule 5-lobed Euta 5 



Petals unequal, clawed. Capsules separable — Dictamnus 2 

 XANTIIOXYLEiE. Flowers s » J . (Trees, shrubs.) 



Pistils 8—5, separate below. Stamens 3— G. . Xanthoxtlum 3 



Pistils 2, united. Samara 2-seeded Ptelea 4 



Pistils 8 to 0, separate Samara 1-seeded Ailanthus t 



1. RUTA, L. EuE. Calyx of 4 to 5 sepals, united at base ; petals 

 4 — 5, concave, obovate, distinct, torus surrounded by 10 nectariferous 

 pores ; stamens 10 ; capsule lobed. — U Herbaceous or shrubby, mostly 

 European. 



R. graveolens L. Common Rue. Suffrutioous, nearly glabrous ; Ivs. 2 to 

 .i-pinnately divided, segments oblong, obtuse, terminal ones obovate-cuneate, all 

 entire or irregularly cleft ; fia. terminal, corymbous ; pet. entire. — Native of S. 

 Europe. St. branched, 3 to 4f high. Lfts. G to 10" by 2 to 4", conspicuously 

 dotted. Corolla yelloiv, 6" diam. Jn. — ^Sept. \. 



2. DICTAMNUS, L. Fbaxinella. Calyx of 5, deciduous sepals ; 

 petals 5, unguiculate, unequal; filaments 10, declinate, with glandular 

 dots ; capsules 5, slightly united. — H Herbs native of Germany. 



D. albus "Willd. St. simple ; Ivs. pinnate, the rachis more or less winged ; fls. 

 in a large, terminal, erect panicle. — In gardens. Sts. 1 to 2f high. Fls. showy, 

 white, varying to rose-color and purple. The whole plant emits a lemon-scented, 

 aromatic, volatile oil, which is, of course, inflammable, but probably does not, as 

 ODce affirmed, render the air (about it) inflammable. (D. Fraxinella Link.) 



/3 EUBEA. Pla. purple ; rachis of the leaves winged. 



3. XANTHOXYLUM, L. Peickly Ash. (Gr. ^avBbg, yellow, ^vXov, 

 wood.) Sepals 4 or 5 ; petals 4 or 6, or wanting ; stamens as many as 

 the petals in $ , rudimentary in ¥ ; pistils 3 to 5, distinct below, with 

 coherent styles, in fruit crustaceous ; 2-valved, 1 or 2-seeded. — Shrubs 

 or trees with sharp prickles, pinnate leaves, and small, greenish 

 flowers. 



1 X. Amerioanum Miller. Prickly ; lfts. ovate, subentire, sessile, equal at base ; 

 umbels axillary ; sepals 5, petaloid, petals wanting (more properly petals 5, calyx 

 wanting). — A shrub 10 or 12f high, found in woods in most parts of the U. S. 

 The branches are armed with strong, conical, brown prickles, with a broad ba?c. 

 Lfts. about 5 pairs, with an odd one, smooth above, downy beneath ; common 

 petioles, mth or without prickles. Fls. in small, dense umbels, axillary, greenish, 

 appearing before the leaves; seeds large, black. The bark is bitter, aromatic, ami 

 stimulant, used for rheumatism and to alleviate the toothache. Apr., May. 



2 X. Carolinianum Lara. Prickly; lfts. falcate-lanceolate, very inequilateral 

 petiolulate ; fls. in terminal, umbel-hke panicles ; sep. minute. — Southern States. 

 Tree attaining considerable size. Some in woods N. of Montgomery, Ala., are 

 nearly 40f high, with trunk 10 or 12' diam. Bark light gray, with the prickles 

 protruding through large, corky cones. Lvs. 6 to 15' long, smooth and shining 

 both sides. Lfts. '? to 13, obijcurely crenate-serrate, only the odd one equilateral. 

 Fls. numerous, globular, finally expanded, and the 5 stamens exsorted. Bark 



