370 Order 61.— SAXIFRAGACE^. 



1 M. diph;^lla L. Lvs. cordate, acute, sublobate, serrate-dentate, radical ones 

 on long petioles, the cauline 2, opposite, suhsessik. — Very common in the woods 

 of N. Eng. to Can. and Ky. St. a foot or more high, bearing the pair of leaves 

 near the midst. Lvs. 1 to 3' long, nearly as wide, hairy, on the hiapid petioles 

 •2 to 6' long. Fls. on short pedicels, arranged in a long, thin spike or raceme, 

 and most beautifully distinguished by the finely divided white petals. Seeds 

 black and shinmg. May — Jn. Fig. 298. 



2 M. niida L. Lvs. orbicular-reniform, doubly crenate, with scattered hairs 

 above ; scape filiform, few-flowered, nalced or with a single leaf; pet. pinnatifid 

 with filiform segments. — A very delicate species, growing in damp, rich, shady 

 woodlands, Potsdam, N. Y., and in northern N. Eng. Lvs. and sts. light green, 

 pellucid. Scape 4 to 6' high, terminating in a thin raceme of white fls. with 

 finely pinnatifid petals. They are erect or prostrate and send out creeping sto- 

 lons fi'om the base. Lvs. f long and of nearly the same width. Jo. 



3. TIAREL'LA, L. Bishop's Cap. (Lat. tiara, a mitre or some 

 other head dress ; from the resemblance of the capsule.) Calyx 5- 

 parted, the lobes obtuse ; petals 5, entire, the claws inserted on the 

 calyx ; stamens 10, cxserted, inserted into the calyx ; styles 2 ; cap- 

 sule 1-celled, 2-valved, one valve much larger. — % Fls. white. 



T. cordifolia L. Lvs. cordate, acutely lobed, mucronate-dentatc, pilous ; scape 

 raoemous ; stolons creeping. — Rocky woods, Can. to Macon, 6a. and Eufala, Ala. 

 Common in N. Eng. and generally associated with Mitella diphyUa, which plant, 

 in its general aspect, it much resembles. The scape arises from a creeping root- 

 stock 10 to 20' high, often bearing a bract. Lvs. 2 to .S' long, | as wide, hairy, 

 and on hairy petioles i to 6' long. Rac. 1 to 2\' long ; fls. wholly white, with 

 minute bractlets. May, Jn. 



4. SAXIF'RAGA, L. Saxifrage. (Lat. saxum, a rock, f rant/ere, to 

 break; often growing in the clefts of rooks.) Sepals 5, more or less 

 united, often adnate to the base of the ovary ; petals 5, entire, inserted 

 on the tube of the calyx; stamens 10; anthers 2-celled, with longi- 

 tudinal dehiscence ; capsule of 2 connate carpels, opening between the 

 2 diverging, acuminate beaks (styles) ; seeds oo.— y 



§ Leaves opposite (small) on the prostr.atc Btem. Tla. purplish No. 1 



^ Leaves alternate on the ascending stem. Fls. yellow or white Nos. 2, 3, 4 



§ Leaves rosnl.ate at the base of the mostly leafless scape, (a) 



a Calyx entirely free from the ovary (inferior) Nos. 5, 6, T 



a Calyx adherent to the base of the ovary (half superior) Nos. S, 9, 10 



1 S. oppositifolia L. Lvs. opposite, rather crowded, obovate, carinate, ciliate, 

 obtuse, punctate, persistent ; fls.-soUtary ; cal. free from the ova. ; pet large, ob- 

 ovate, .5-veined, longer than the stam. — In the same locality as the next species. 

 Sts. purplish, very branching, diffuse. Lv.s. bluish-green, 1 to 2" long. Els, 

 light purple, largo and showy. May, Jn. ? 



2 S. aizoides L. Cteapitous, leafy; Irs. Unear-ohlong, more or leas eUiate, thick, 

 flat, mostly persistent ; flowering sts. annual ; fls. paniculate, sometimes solitary ; 

 sep. ovate, slightly coherent with the ova ; pet. oblong, longer than the sep. ; 

 stig. depressed ; caps rather thick, as long aa the styles. — In the clefta of rooks, 

 at WUIoughby Lake, Vt. (500 feet above the water), N. to the Arc. Sea. Bar- 

 ren stems short, with densely crowded lvs. ; flowering stems ascending, 2 to 4' 

 long, with scattered lvs. Lvs. 4 to 6" long, about 2" wide. Pedicels bracteato. 

 Els. yellow, dotted. 



3 S. rivularis L. St. weak, ascending, 3 to 5-flowered; radical lvs. petiolale, 

 reniform, crenately lobed, cauline, lanceolate, subeutiro ; cal. lobes broad-ovate, 

 nearly as long as the ovate petals, but mucli shorter than the ahort-beaked cap- 

 sule. — "White Mts. N. H. (Oakes), N. to Arc. Am. A very small species, with 

 white, bracteate fls. Sts. about 2' high, annual, with alternate lvs. 



4 S. tricuspid^ta Retz. St. thick, erect; lower lvs. crowded, oblong, Z-cuspidate ; 

 fls. few, large, somewhat coiymbed; sep. thick, ovate, shorter than the oblong- 



