434 Obber to.— composite. 



A large, showy species, in low, open grouuda, U. S. and Can. SI. green, some- 

 times purplish, 4 to 7f high, often much branched above. Lvs. 2 to 4 to T long, 

 acuminate at each end, often with divergent teetiL Pan. often diffuse, on spread- 

 ing, leafy branches. Aug. — Oct. — Rays twice longer than the last. 



25 S. Canadensis L. St. downy; lvs. lanceolate, serrate, 3-veined, aeuminate, 

 rough ; rac. paniculate, secund, recurved ; rays short, about 8, disk-fls. about 1 ; 

 scales linear. — (Fig.118.) Fields, hedges, U. S. and Brit. Am., common. FromlS'to 

 5f high. Stem furrowed, terminated by a copious panicle which inclines to one 

 side. Lvs. sessile, 3' long, sometimes nearly entire, and perhaps a little downy. 

 Heads almost innumerable, very small, with very obscure, yellow rays. Aug. — Oct. 



/3. PEciOERA. St. villous ; lvs. rough, villous beneath ; hds. larger, and with 

 larger rays. — In low grounds, 4 — 7f high. Leaves distinctly 3-veined. (S. 

 procera Ait.) 



26 S. Sllortii Torr. & Gr. St. minutely rough-downy ; lvs. oblong-lanceolate, 

 sharply serrate, strongly 3-veinod, acute, very smooth; rac. secund, dense; pan. 

 contracted, elongated; scafes linear-oblong, with greenish tips; rays 5 to 7, disk-fls. 

 5 to 1. — Banks of the Ohio River, Ind. and Ky. Sts. 1 to 2f high. Readily dis- 

 tinguished from the last. Jl., Aug. 



27 S. pilosa "Walt. Hirsute, tail, stout; lvs. lance-oblong, remotely serrulate, 

 rough, thick, obsoletoly veined, midvein hairy beneath, upper lance-ovate, sessile, 

 entire ; pan. pyramidal ; rays 1 to 10, minute, disk-fls. 5 or 6. — Pine barrens, N. 

 J. to Fla., in damp places. St. 4 to 7f high. Lvs. 2 to 4' long below, reduced 

 upwards, very numerous, yellowish-green. Pedicels with subulate bracts, simi- 

 lar to the outer scales. Sept., Oct. 



28 S. odora Ait. St. round, pubescent in lines, slender ; lvs. linear lanceolate, acute, 

 abrupt and sessile at base, very entire, smooth, punctate, with pellucid dots, rough- 

 edged; rac. paniculate; rays 2 to 4, disk-fls. 3 or 4. — In dry, fertUe woodlands 

 and sunny hills, U. S. and Can. Stem 2 — 3f high, yellowish-green. Leaves 

 1 J^3' by 3 — 5", with a strong, yellowish midvein, but no veinlets. Panicle in- 

 clined. Racemes 2 — 3' long, spreading, each generally with a leaf at base, and 

 a simple row of small heads on the upper side. Jl. — Sept. — The only species of 

 Sohdago which has properties generally considered either agreeable or useful. 

 The leaves are aromatic and j\e\A by distillation a fragrant volatile oil. 



p. RETRORS.\. Lvs. linear below, subialato above, often twisted; rays 1, 2 er 

 3 ; St. pubescent all over. S. "W". Ga. (Miss Keen). Punctate lvs. acute. 

 Scale.x, kc, as in a. (S. retrorsa 11^:.) 



29 S. tortifolia Ell. St. rough, pubescent; lvs. numerous, linear, subentire, 

 often twisted at the base, small, scabrous above, not punctate ; rac. recurved, in a 

 pyramidal panicle; scales obtuse; ray and disk-fls. each 3 to 5. — N. Car. to Pla. 

 and Tex., in dry fields. St. 2 to 3f high, often much branched. Lower lvs. 2 to 

 3' long, reduced upwards to subulate bracts. (Elliott.) Aug. — Oct. — Is this tho 

 same as our fS. No. 28 ? 



30 S. altissima L. St. hairy, tall ; lvs. lanceolate, very veiny, lower ones deeply 

 serrate, rough and vsTinkled. Scales acute; rays 6 to 8. — A variable species, tho 

 tall, rough varieties of which are common about tho borders of fields, in hedges, 

 U. S. and Brit. Am. Stem rough with hairs, erect, 3 — 6f high, much branched 

 at top. Leaves variously toothed or serrate, numerous both upon the stem and 

 branches. Branches widely spreading, each terminating in a recurved panicle 

 with tho flowers turning upwards. Scarcely two of tho plants look alike. The 

 branches are very widely spread, or but little diverging, with few and scattered 

 heads, or with numerous heads ; the leaves are equally or unequally serrate, 

 hairy or woolly. Aug. — Oct. (S. rugosa Willd.) 



31 S. Drummondii Torr. & Gr. St. velvety ; lvs. ovate or broadly oval, acute at 

 each end, sharply serrate, smooth above, velvety beneath, veiny ; scales oblong, ob- 

 tuse ; rays 4 or 5. — 111. near St. Louis. (Drummoud in N. Am. PI.) St. 1 to 2f 

 high. 



32 S. Radula Nutt. St. rough-downy, simple ; lvs. oblong -spaiidate, tapering to 

 the sessile base, serrate above, very rough, rigid, the lowest petiolato ; pan. con- 

 tracted ; disk-fls. 3 to 6, rays 5, very short — 111. near St. Louis (Engelman), to 

 La. Plant slender, 1 to 2f high. Hda. small, crowded, in short, secund racemei 

 Sept 



