440 Obdeb 10.— OOMPOSITiE. 



the involucre. — 71 Rhizome tuberous. Lvs. alternate, very densely 

 tomentous beneath, decurrent into the wings of the stem. Hds. sessile, 

 densely crowded into a woolly terminal spike. (Conyza, Mx.) 



P. pycnostaohyum Ell. St. simple; lvs. lanceolate, finely serrulate, smooth 

 above ; spike continuous. — Sandy soils, S. Car. to Fla. A curious plant, 2 to 3f 

 higli. Lvs. a finger's length, dark green above, creamy-white beneath, as are also 

 the wings of the stem. Spike 2 to 3' long. May — Aug. 



37. BORRICH'IA, Adans. Sea Ox-eye. (Dedicated to Olof Bwrich, 

 a Danish botanist.) Heads radiate, many-flowered; rays $, fertile; 

 scales imbricated, the outer leafy ; receptacle flat, chaffy, the chaff 

 rigid, persistent ; achenia 4-angnlar, crowned with a 4-toothed pappus. 

 — Shrubby maritime plants with opposite lvs. and solitary, yellow hds. 

 (Buphthalmum, L.) 



B. frut^scens DC. Minutely canosoent downy ; Iva. lanceolate and oblanceolatc 

 obscurely repand-toothed, slightly connate at base, chaff of the rocept. cuspidate 

 with a rigid point. — Va. to Fla. St. 1 to 3f high. Lvs. 2 to 3' long, rounded 

 at the end (with a cuspidate point), varying to linear, the upper alternate. Jn. — 

 Oct. 



38. ECLIP'TA, L. Head many-flowered ; ray fis. ? numerous nar- 

 row ; disk ii tubular, mostly 4-toothed ; scales 10 — 12, in 2 rows, 

 leafy, lance-ovate ; receptacle flat ; chaff bristly ; achenia somewhat 

 angular or 2-edged ; pappus 0. — (I) Herbs strigose with rigid hairs, erect 

 or procumbent. Lvs. opposite. Heads axillary and terminal, solitary. 

 Fls. white. (Fig. 328.) 



B. er^cta L. St. often decumbent ; lvs. lanceolate or lanoe-oblong, tapering to 

 each end, subserrate ; ped. longer than the heads ; scales or leaves of the involucre 

 acuminate. — Damp soils, Md., Ohio, and lU., S. to Flor. . Stem often rooting at 

 the lower joints, 1 — 3f long, with an elastic, thread-like fiber. Leaves 1 to 2' 

 long, rough, obscurely tripli-veined. Heads small, with minute flowers and short 

 rays. The juice turns black, and is said to dye wool black. Jn.- — ^Sept (K. 

 procumbens and brachipoda, Mx.) 



39. POLYM'NIA, L. Leaf-cup. (The name of one of the ancient 

 Muses ; why applied to this plant is not obvious.) Heads radiate. In- 

 volucre double, outer of 4 or 5 large, leafy scales, inner of about 10 

 leaflets, concave ; ray-flowers pistillate, few ; disk sterile ; receptacle 

 chafiy ; pappus none. — 7i Clammy herbs. Lvs. opposite. Fls. yellow. 



1 P. Canadensis L. Tiscid-villous ; lvs. denticulate, petiolate, acuminate,lowcr 

 pinnatifid, upper 3-lobed or entire, rays shorter than the invol.—A. coarse, broad- 

 leaved, hairy-viscid plant, 3 — 5f high, Can., i^. Y. to 111., and the mts. of Car. 

 Stem with opposite leaves and spreading branche.s. Flowers hght-yellow, the 

 rays short, surrounded by the concave leaflets of the double calyx in such a man- 

 ner as to form a sort of cup, hence called Leaf-cup. Leaves feather-veined, 3 — W 

 long, and nearly as wide, lobes deeply divided and acuminate. Heads J ' diam. 

 June. . 



2 P. uvedalia L. Hairy and rough, stout; lvs. 3-lobed, acute, decurrent into 

 tlie petiole, lobes sinuate-angled; rays t to 12, rimch longer than the involucre. — 

 In highland woods. Stem 3 — 6f high. Lower leaves very large. Flowers largo, 

 yellow, the rays oblong, obtuse. Jl. — Neither of these plants has been found in 

 N. Eng., and they are rare in N. Y., but not uncommon in the W. and S. W, 

 States. 



40. CHRYSOG'ONUM, L. (Gr. ^/wcto^, gold, yow, knee ; the golden 

 flowers at the joints.) Heads many-flowered, radiate ; rays about 5, ? , 

 fertile, disk i^ but sterile ; scales in 2 rows of about 5 each, the outer 



