448 Order 10.— COMPOSITE. 



6 H. rf gidua Des£ St. rigid, simple or with few branches, scabrous or smooth- 



ish, nearly naked above ; te. lanceolate, tapering to each end, petiolate, mostly 

 opposite, tripli-veined, serrulate or entire, rigid, scabrous both sides; hda. few; 

 scales in many roius ovate,. acute, regularly imbricate, shorter than the disk ; pales 

 obtusish. — Prairies, &o., Wis. (Lapham), to Mo., La., &c. Plant 2 to 4f high. 

 Lvs. 3 to 6' by J to 1', very rough with papillous hairs, but le.xs so than H. divari- 

 catus. Rays 12 to 20, expanding 2 to 3", light yellow. (H. soaberrimus EIL) 



7 H. atroriibeas L. St. with few long, nalied peduncles above, hirsute below ; 

 lvs. ovate, or oval, obtusish, abruptly contracted into winged petioles, subserrate, 

 rough or hispid, 3-veined ; scales ohovate or oblong, obtuse, 3-veined, about equaling 

 the disk ; pales obtusish. — Dry soiLs, Va. to Fla. and Ark. St. 2 to 4f high. Lvs. 

 mostly near the base, large. Hds. small, few, with 12 to 15 rays, 9 to 10" long. 

 Aug. — Oct. 



8 H. glgdnteuB L. St. rough, hairy lvs., alternate (the lowest opposite), lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, serrate, scabrous, obscurely 3-veined, tapering at base into short, 

 ciliate, winged petioles ; scales lanceolate-linear, ciliate ; pappus of 2 short, slightly 

 fringed scales. — Can. to Car. and Ky., in low grounds and thickets. Stem 4 — 8f 

 high, purplish, branching above into a coryrabous panicle of large, yellow flowers. 

 Leaves 2 — 5' by i — 1', opposite or alternate in various degrees. Kays 12 — 20. 

 Variable. 



"13. AMBiGUtrs. Lvs. nearly all opposite, sessile and rounded at base." — L. 1. 

 (T. & G.) 



9 H. tomentosus Mx. St. stout, pubescent, branched above ; lvs. mostly alter- 

 nate, acuminate, nearly entire, scabrous above, tomentous or nearly glabrous be- 

 neath, lower ones ovate, petiolate, upper long-lanceolate, subsessile ; hds. long-pedun- 

 culate ; scales lance-hnear, long-acuminate, villous, squarrous ; chaff 3-toothed, 

 hirsute at summit. — Dry soils. 111. to Ga. Plant 4 to 8f high, with ample lvs. and 

 fla. Lvs. 6 to 12' by 2 to 6', some of them tripli-veined. Bays elliptical lanceo- 

 late, about 15" long. Aug. — Oct. f 



/3. Lvs. oval, mostly opposite. — Ga. (H. spatulatua Ell.; 



10 H. grosse-serr^tus Martens. St. smooth and glaucous ; lvs. mostly alternate, 

 lanceolate, or lance-ovate, long-acMminate, sharply serrate, scabrous above, hoary 

 and softly pubescent beneath, abruptly contracted into naked petioles; scales 

 lance-subulate, loosely imbricated, sparingly ciliate, as long as the disk. — Ohio, 

 Ind., 111., to La. Allied to H. giganteus. St. 4 to 6f high. Lvs. 6 to 9' by 1 to 

 2', broadest near the base, lower ones rather coarsely serrate. Rays 15 to 20, 

 expanding near 3'. Aug., Sept. 



11 H. tuberdsus L. Jerusalem Aetichokb. Root bearing oblong tubers ; lvs. 

 3-voined, rough, lower ones opposite, cordate-ovate, upper ovate, acuminate, 

 alternate ; petioles ciliate at base. — y Native of Brazil. The plant has been cul- 

 tivated for the sake of its tuberous roots, which are used for pickles. It is natu- 

 ralized iu borders of fields, hedgo.si, Ac. Sept. § \ 



12 H. Isetiflorus Pers. St. rough and branched above; lvs. oval-lanceolate, aou- 

 miuate, serrate, tripli-veined, very rough on both sides, on short petioles, upper 

 ones often alternate ; scales ovate-lanceolate, ciliate, appressed, a little shm'ier than 

 (he disk; ohafif entire or 3-toothed ; rays 12 to 20. — Barrens, &c., Ind., Ohio (Torr. 

 & Gr.) A rough, but showy plant, 3 to 4f high. Lvs. thick, 5 to 8' by 11 to 

 2J^'. Rays nearly 2' in length. Disk yellow. Aug. — Oct f 



13 H. occidentalis Riddell. St. slender, simple, nearly naked above; lvs. oppo- 

 site, oval, scabrous, obscurely serrate, contracted at base into long, hairy petioles, 

 upper ones small and few, entire ; hds. pedunculate ; scales lance-oval, appressed. 

 Sand prairies, W. States. St 3 to 5f high, scape-lake, slender. Lvs. 3 to 5' by 

 I to 2', upper ones 1 to 2' long. lids, few, middle size. Rays 12 to 15, hght 

 yellow. Jl. — Sept. f 



14 H. mdllis Lam. St. villous; lvs. ovate, acuminate, sessile, cordate and clasp- 

 ing, entire or subijerrate, tomentous canescent, opposite, upper ones sometimes 

 alternate ; scales lanceolate, villous canescent ; pales entire, acute and canescent above. 

 Prairies and baiTens, Ohio, Ind., Mo., common. A hoary and villous species, 2 to 

 4f high, nearly simple. Lvs. 3 to 5' long, -1- to f as wide. Rays 15 to 25, -J to 

 r by {•'. Jl. — Sept. (H. canesoens Mx.) 



