Obdbb VO.— COMPOSITvB. 469 



Suborder II. LIGULIFLOR^. 



98. LAfflPSA^NA, Toum. Nipple-wort. (Gr. MtxTb), to purge; 

 " Lapsana greatly relaxes the body," says Pliny.) Heads radiant, 8 to 

 12-flowered; involucre cylindrical, angular, scales 8, erect, in one row, 

 with 2 or 3 minute bractlets at base ; receptacle naked ; achenia gla- 

 brous ; pappus 0. — Slender, oriental herbs, with small, yellow hds. in 

 paniculate corymbs. 



Ii. commilUua L. St. branched, panioled, leafy; Iva. ovate, petiolate, dentate; 

 ped. oyliadrical; invoL angular in fruit. — (3) Waysides, Can. Bast (Hook). Neao- 

 Bostoa (Oakes). § 



99. APO^GON, Ell. (Gr. a, privative, nuyuv, beard ; as destitute 

 of pappus.) Heads radiant ; involucre scales ovate, acuminate, about 8, 

 in 2 rows; receptacle naked; achenia glabrous, oval, longitudinally 12- 

 striate ; pappus 0. — ® Herbs glabrous and glaucous, branched from the 

 base. Lvs. alternate, lanceolate. Hds. small, yellow. 



A. humilis Ell. S. Car. to Fla. and La. A small, slender, smooth plant, com- 

 mon in sandy soils. Sta 3 to 12' high, triohotomously branched above. Lvs. 

 varying from lance-linear to Unear, and from entire to lyrate-lobed, the radical 

 tapering to a petiole. Hds. few, small, the fls. spreading about 3" Mar. — Jn. 

 (A. lyratura Nutt. A. gracUis DC.) 



iOO. CICHO'RIUM, Toum. Sdccory. (The Egyptian name chi- 

 kouryeh, whence Gr. Kix'^p'fl, and Eng. succott/.) Involucre double, the 

 outer of 5 leafy scales, the inner of about 8 linear ones ; receptacle 

 chafty ; pappus scaly ; achenia not rostrate, obscurely 6-sided.— Orien- 

 tal herbs with bright blue fls., about 20 in a head. 



1 C. intybus L. Fls. in pairs, axillary, sessile ; lower lvs. nmcinate. — U Plant 

 2 — 3f high, with large, showy, sky-blue flowers, in grass fields, by roadsides, com- 

 mon in many localities. Stem round, with few long branches, rough. The upper 

 leaves become cordate acuminate, sessile, inconspicuous, only the radical ones 

 runeinate. The flowers are 1 — 2' diam., and placed rather remote on the long, 

 nakedish branches. Corollas flat, 5-toothed. The root is used in France as a 

 substitute for coflee. July — Sept. § Eur. 



2 C. Endivia L. Endivb. Ped. axillary, in pairs, one of them elongated 

 and 1-headed, the other very short, about 4-headed; hds. capitate. — A hardy an- 

 nual, esteemed and cultivated for salad. Also a remedy for jaundice, f E. Indies. 



101. KRIG'IA, Schreb. Dwarf Dandelion. (To Dr. Daniel Krieg, 

 a German botanist who traveled in this country.) Involucre many- 

 leaved, nearly simple, equal ; receptacle naked ; achenia turbinate, stri- 

 ate, 5-angled ; pappus double, consisting of 5 broad, membranous scales 

 alternating with as many slender, scabrous bristles. — ® Acaulescent 

 herbs. Hds. solitary, with 20 to 30 yellow fls. 



1 K. Virginica Willd. Ims. sinuate-pinuatifid, with, unequal, ^reading, linear- 

 spatulate lobes, the primary lvs. mostly entire, spatulate or roundish ; scapes at first 

 low, simple, I -flowered, finally branched and several-flowered. — Dry, sandy or rocky 

 grounds and way-sides. Can., N. Eng. to "W. Ga. and Ala. Scapes 3 to 20' high, 

 very smooth. Lvs. 6 to 3' long, usually pointed. Fls. spreading 15". May — 

 Aug. 



2 K. Caroliniana Nutt. Lvs. lyrate-pinnatifid, with irregular, oval or amgular 

 segments, the terminal one rowndish and largest, primary lvs. linear-lanceolate, few- 

 toothed or entire, scapes always simple, solitary at first, finally several l-flowered. 

 — Dry, sandy soils, S. Car. to Fla. and Tex. Scapes 1 to 4' high. Lvs. 1 to 2' 

 long, rosulate. Fls. spreading 4 to 6". Feb. — May. 



