470 Oedbb 10.— composite. 



102. CYNTHIA, Don. (One of the names of Diana; fancifully ap- 

 plied to this genus.) Involucre nearly simple, of equal, narrow scales ; 

 receptacle flat, alveolate ; pappus double, the outer minute, scaly, inner 

 copious, capillary ; achenia short. — 21 Lvs. alternate or all radical. Hds. 

 with 15 to 20 yellow flowers. 



1 C. Virginioa Don. St. few-leaved, hranched above; lvs. oval and lance-oval, 

 entire or remotely toothed, rarely sinuate-pinnatifid, the radical on winged petio- 

 les, cauline amplexicaul, entire. — In barrens and dry soils, Western N. Y. to lU. 

 smooth and glaucous. ^St. 1 to 2f high, often dichotomously divided, with 1 to 2 

 clasping leaves at the forks. Radical lvs. 3 to 5' long. Hds. terminal on iho 

 bracteate and subumbellate peduncles, with deep yellow flowers. Scales united 

 at oase in a somewhat double series. May — JL (Krigia, Nutt.) 



2 C. Dandelion DC. Acaulescenl ; scapes leafless, simple, 1-flowered; lvs. elon- 

 gated, lance-linear, entire or remotely toothed, rarely pinnatifid, the primary lvs. 

 oblong-spatulato. — Low grounds, Md. to Ga. and Tex. Scapes 6 to 18' high, sev- 

 eral from the same root. Lvs. some of them nearly as long as the scapes, more 

 generally entire ; when pinnatifid, the lobes are 2 or 3 on each side, triangular. 

 A variety in the mountainous districts produces at length a short, decumbent 

 stem. (Hyosiris montana Mx. C. lyrata Nutt.) 



i03. LEON'TODON, L. Autumnal Hawkbit. (Gr. Xiuv, a Hon, 

 63ovg, a tooth ; in reference to the toothed leaves.) Involucre imbri- 

 cat*, the outer scales very short ; receptacle naked ; pappus plumous, 

 persistent on the somewhat rostrate achenia. — Acaulescent herbs with 

 yellow fls., many in a head. (Apargia, Willd.) 



Ii. autumnalis L. Scape branching; ped. scaly, lvs. lanceolate, dentate-pinnate 

 ifid, smoothish. — Common in the eastern parts of N. Eng., grass lands and road- 

 sides. Pis. similating the dandelion. Et. large, abrupt, scape round, striate, 

 hollow, decumbent at base, 6 to 18' high, with a few branches and scattered 

 scales. Lvs. spreading, 6' lono:, with deep, round sinuses, and covered with re- 

 mote hairs. Hds. 1' diam. Jl. — Nov. § Eur. 



i04. TRAGOPO^GON, L. Vegetable Oyster. (Gr. rpdyog, a goat, 

 TTwywv, a beard ; in allusion to the tawny, showy pappus.) Involucre 

 simple, of many leaves ; receptacle naked ; pappus plumous, achenia 

 longitudinally striate, contracted into a long, filiform beak. — (g) Euro- 

 pean herbs, with long, linear, grass-like lvs. 



T. porilfolms L. Involucre much longer than the corolla ; lvs. long, linear, 

 undivided, straiglit; ped. thickened upwards. St. 3 to 4f high. Hs. terminal, 

 solitary, large, bluish purple. Cultivated in gardens for the root, which is long, 

 tapering and nutritious. When properly prepared it has a mild, sweetish taste, 

 which has been compared to that of the oyster. | 



105. HIERA'CIUM, Tourn. Hawkweed. (Gr. Zepal', a hawk ; sup- 

 posed to strengthen the vision of birds of prey.) Involucre more or 

 less imbricated, ovoid, many-flowered ; scales very unequal ; achenia 

 not rostrate ; pappus a single row of copious, tawny, fragile bristles. — 

 71 Lvs. alternate, entire or toothed. 



* IIcacls40 to 50-ilowerecl. Involucre more or less imbricntcd Noa. 1, 3 



* Heads 12 to SO-flowered. Involucre simple. — Achenia contracted at the top Nos. 3, 4 



— Achenia not contracted upwards.. .No3. B, 6 



1 H. Canadense Mx. Si. erect, subvillous, leafy, many-flowered ; lvs. sessile, 

 lanceolate or oldong-ovate, acute, divaricately and acutely dentate, the upper ones 

 somewhat amplexicaul, with an obtuse base; panicles axillary and terminal, 

 coryrabous, downy ; invol. strongly imbricated.— la open dry or rocky woods, N. 

 . Eng. to Wis. and Can. Stem stout, 1 — 2f high, more or less pubescent, the pe- 

 duncles domiy but not glandular. Leaves somewhat pubescent or hairy. Heads 

 large and showy, yellow Involucre sometimes with a few glandular hairs. Aug. 

 (H. Kalmii Spreng.) 



