474 Ordek to.— composite. 



Bcales), glabrous, abruptly narrowed to a long, filiform beak ; pappus 

 copious, soft, capillary, white, fugacious. — Herbs with leafy stems and 

 paniculate hds. of various colors. (Fig. 333.) 



1 L. graniinifolia Mx. St. terete, simple, strict ; Ivs. hng, linear, entire, or tbo 

 lower sparingly sinuate-lobed, the lobes turned backwards ; panicle loose, naked ; 

 scales G to 9; Jis. 20 or more ; ach. oval, as long as their beaks (2"). — Dry soils, 

 S. Car., Ga. to La. St. 2 to 4f high, not very slender, hollow. Lvs. partly clasp- 

 ing, 3 to G to 8' long, 3 to i" wide. C!or. purple, varying to white, rarely yellow. 

 Apr. — Sept, 



2 Ii. elongata L. Trumpet Milkweed. Lvs. smooth and- pale beneath, am- 

 plexicaul, runcinate-pinnatijid, upper lanceolate, entire, sessile; lids, raceraous- 

 paniculate; scales lew; fls. 12 or more. — A common rank plant, growing in 

 hedges, thickets, where the soil is rich and damp. St. hohow, stout, 3 to 6f 

 high, often purple, bearing a leafless, spreading panicle of numerous hds. of fls. 

 Lvs. very variable, the lower 6 to 12' long, commonly deeply runcinate. Corol- 

 las yellow, varj'ing to purplish. Achenia oblong, compressed, about the length 

 of the beak. Jl, Aug. 



/J. INTE&KIFOLIA. Lvs. nearly all undivided, lanceolate, sessile, the lowest 

 often sagittate at base. (L. integrifoha Bw. L. eagittifoUa EU.) 



y. SANGDINAREA. Lvs. runcinato, amplexicaul, mostly pubescent, glaucous 

 beneath; tis. purple. St. 2 to 3f high, often purple. (L. sanguinarea Bw.) 



3 L. sativa L. Gabden Lettuce. St. corynibous; lvs. suborbicular, the 

 oauline ones cordate. — ® Cultivated for salad. Plant with very smooth, yellow- 

 ish green foliage, which in one variety (capitata) is so abundant as to form iiea<l3 

 like the cabbage. Pis. numerous, small, with yellowish corollas. The milky 

 juice contains opium, hence the unpleasant narcotic effects when eaten too 

 freely. \ 



il3. WULGE'DIUM, Cass. Wild Lettuce. (Lat. mulgeo, to milk ; 

 in allusion to the milky juice.) Involucre many-flowered, somewhat 

 double, the outer series of scales short and imbricated ; receptacle 

 naked, faveolate ; pappus copious, soft, capillary, crowning the short 

 beaked achenia, which arc compressed contrary to the scales. — Lvs. 

 mostly spinulous. Hds. with many yellow or cyanic fls. (Sonchns, 

 Willd. Agathyrsus, Don.) (Fig. 332.) 



I Corollas blue. Pappus bright white Nos. 1, 3 



I Corollas cream-colored, turning purplish. Pappus tawny No. 3 



1 M. acuminatum DC. Lvs. ovate, acuminate, peticlate, dentate, undivided, or 

 the radical slightly runcinate ; hda. loosely paniculate, on somewhat bracteolate 

 peduncles ; ach. slightly beaked. — In hedges and thickets, N. T. to Ind. and S. 

 States. A smooth plant, 3 to 6f high, with the stem often purplish. Lvs. 3 to 

 6' long, the lower ones often deltoid-hastate or truncate at base, sinuate-denticu- 

 late, narrowed at base into a winged petiole. Hds. small. Scales dark purple, 

 with blue corollas. Pappus white on the short-beaked, ovate-acuminato achenia. 

 Aug., Sept. 



2 M. Floridanum DC. Lvs. runcinately pinnate-parted; segm. few, serrate- 

 dentate, upper ones triangular, acute or acuminate ; panicle loose, erect, com- 

 pound ; ach. short-beaked. — W. and S. States, hedges and waste grounds. Plant 

 with a terminal panicle of blue flowers. St. 3 to Gf high. Lvs. 4 to 8' long, 

 variable in form. Hds. small. Rays expanding 9". Jl. — Sept. 



3 M. leucoph^um DC. Lvs. numerous, lyrate-runcinate, coarsely dentate; 

 hds. paniculate, on squamous-bracteate peduncles ; pappus taumy ; cor. ydloviish. — 

 Moist thickets, N. and W. States. A tall, leafy plant, nearly smooth. St. 4 to 

 lOf high. Lvs. 5 to 12' long, irregularly divided, the segm. repand-toothedj the 

 radical on long stalks, the upper ones sessile, often undivided. Hds. small, in a 

 long, slender panicle. Aug., Sept. 



114. SON'CHUS, L. Sow-Thistle. (The ancient name.) Invo- 

 lucre many-flowered imbricate, of numerous unequal scales, at length 



