478 OnDEB 72.— CAMPANULACB^. 



united into a tube ; capsule silique-form, dry, chartaceous, 1 -celled, 

 raany-seeded, dehiscent by 3 strap-shaped valves. — (D Procumbent herbs 

 with small leaves and axillary, solitary fls. 



C. elegana Doug. Glabrous, sparingly branched ; st. slender, angular ; Ivs. 

 aesaile, ovate, 3-veined ; ova. sessile, loug-aouminate, triangular, contorted, much 

 longer than the leaves ; cor. blue, with a white spot in the middle of the lower 

 lip. — Native of the Rocky Mts., &c. A beautiful annual, with bright-blue 

 flowers, f 



ORDEa LXXII. CAMPANULACE^. Bellworts. 



Herbs with a milky juice, alternate leaves, and without stipules. Flowers mostly 

 blue, showy. Calyx superior, generally 5-c!eft, persistent. CoroUa regular, cam- 

 panulate, generally 5-cleft, withering, valvate in sBStivation. Stamens 5, free from 

 the corolla; anthers distinct, 2-eelled; pollen spherical. Ovary adherent to tho 

 calyx, 2 or more celled. Style covered with collecting hairs. Capsule crowned 

 with the remains of the calyx, loculicidal. Seeds many. 



Illaat. in fig. 313, 319. 



Oenera 23, species 500, chiefly nbounding tn tho northern temper.ito zone and in South 

 ATrlca. Of it3 500 species, .according to Alplionse De Candolle, only 19 inhabit the torrid zone. 

 Tho Gampaniilaceie are interesting chiefly for their beauty, being destitute of any important 

 known properties. 



1. CAMPAN'ULA, Tourn. (Lat. campanula, a little bell ; fi'om tlio 

 iorm of the flowers.) Calyx mostly 5-cleft ; corolla campanulate, or 

 subrotate, 5-lobed, closed at base by the broad, valve-like bases of the 5 

 stamens ; stigma 3 to 5-cleft ; capsule 3 to 5-celled, opening hy lateral 

 pores. — Mostly 21 . Fls. generally in racemes, sometimes spicato, or 

 few and axillary. 



§ Corolla rotate, fiat, deeply 5-lobod, arranged in leafy spikes Nos. 1, 2 



§ Corolla campanulate, broadly or narrowly (a). 

 a Flowers on slender pedicels, solitary or panicled (b). 



b Root leaves unlike the stem leaves. Corolla large (6 to 12" broad) Nos. 8, 4 



b Eoot leaves and stem leaves similar. Corolla small (2 to 5^' broad) !No3. D, 6 



«, Flowers sessile oi- nearly so. Stem erect. Gardens Nos. T — 9 



X C. Americana L. St. erect; Ivs. ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, uncinately ser- 

 rate, contracted to a winged petiole, veins often ciliate ; fla. axillary, sessile ; style 

 exserted, decurved. — A tall, erect, ornamental species in copses, woods, &o. 

 Western N. Y. and Penn. to 111., common. Also cultivated in gardens. St. 2 to 

 3f high, nearly smooth. Lvs. ending in a long point, smooth, with fine teeth. 

 Fls. blue, flat, on short stalks, or sessile, numerous, solitary, or several in each 

 upper axil, forming a terminal, leafy raceme. Corolla spreading. Aug. f (0. 

 aevuninata Mx.) C. lUinoeusis Froaeu (in DC.) is a branching state of the same 

 plant 



2 C. planiflora DC. Tory glabrous; st. simple; lvs. sessile, coriaceous, 

 shilling, radical, crowded, ovate or dbovate, obtuse, crenulate, cauUne linear-lanceo- 

 late, acute, submtire ; fls. in a spicate raceme ; cal. lobes ovate, acute, \ as long 

 as the campanulate-rotate corolla. — Native about Hudson's Bay (Pursh.) A 

 species with numerous blue fls. Stem about a span high, f (C. nitida Ait.) 



3 C. rotundifolia L. Hare Bell. St. weak, slender; radical lvs. ovate or 

 reniform-cordate ; cauUne, linear, entire ; fls. few, nodding. — Fine and delicate, 

 with blue, bell-shaped fls. On damp rocks, rocky streams, N. States and Brit. 

 Am. St. a foot or more high, smooth. The root lvs. generally decay on the 

 opening of the flowers, so that a specimen with these (7 to 10" by 4 to 7") is 

 Vather rare. CauUne lvs. smooth, linear, 2' long and scarcely a liuo in width. 

 Fls. terminal, in a loose panicle, drooping. Root creeping, perennial. Jn., Jl. 



4 C. persioifolia L. St. angular, erect ; lvs. rigid, obscurely crenate-ser- 

 rate, radical oblong-ohovate, cauUne lance-linear; fls. large, broadly campanulatfe. 

 — A beautiful species, native of Europe, with very large, blue (varying to white) 

 flowera. Corolla about 1' broad. \ 



