Order 83.— BIGNOTTIACB^. SVS 



Oentra 44, apeciet 460, mostly South American. Others are difiPased in all countries, pai- 

 tlcularly wjtiiin the tropics. Several of the Brazilian species of Bignonia afford a valuable um- 

 ber. But this order is best known for the beauty of its flowers. (Figs. 210, ii8-l, 285, 279.) 



* Leaves compound. Valves of the pod parallel with the partition Bignonia. t 



* Leaves compound. Valves of the pod contrary to the partition Tecoma. i 



* Leaved simple. Pod straight, cyllndric Partition subcylindric Catalpa. 8 



1. BIGNO'NIA, Tourn. (Named for the Ahbe Bignon, Librarian to 

 Louis XIV.) Calyx margin 5-toothed or entire; corolla somewhat 

 bilabiate, 5-cleft, funnel-shaped ; stamens didynamous, 4 fertile, 1 a ster- 

 ile filament ; capsule long and narrow ; valves flat or scarcely convex, 

 parallel with the partition. — Trees, shrubs, or woody climbers, often 

 with tendrils. 



B. capreolata L. Cross-vine. Climbing, glabrous ; Ivs. binate, eirrhous, leafr 

 lets 2, lance-ovate, cordate, acuminate, entire, a branched tendril between ; pel 

 1-flowered, 2 .to 3 together, axillary ; calyx nearly entire. — Woods, Va. and Tenn. 

 (Miss Dana), to Pla. and La. A vine with smooth, reddish brown baric, 30 to 

 50f long, very slender, over shrubs, up tall trees. Fls. large, red, orange within. 

 Pods 1 or 8' long, J' wide, curved, flat, with many broad-winged seeds both sides 

 of the broad partition. Mar. — May. 



2. TECO^MA, Juss. (Bignonia L.) Trumpet Flowee. Calyx cam- 

 panulate, , 5-toothed ; corolla tube short, throat dilated, limb 6-Iobed, 

 gubbilabiate or equal ; stamens 4, didynamous, with the rudiments of a 

 fifth, anther-cells 2, diverging; capsule 2-celled, 2-valved, the valves 

 contrary to the partition ; seeds winged. — Trees or shrubs, often climb- 

 ing. Lvs. opposite, digitate, or unequally pinnate. 



1 T. rSdlcans Juss. Climbing by radicating tendrils; Ivs. unequally pinnate, Ifta. 

 4 or 5 pairs, ovate, acuminate, dentate-serrate, puberulent beneath along the 

 veins ; corymbs terminals ; cor. tube fhrice longer than the cat ; stam. included. — 

 A splendid climber in woods and thiolcets, along rivers, Penn. to Fla., W. to III 

 St. 20 to 80f in length, ascending trees. Lvs. 10 to 15' long, Ifta. 2 to 3' by 1 to 

 2'. Fls. 2|' long, of a bright scarlet. Pods 6' long, curved. A transverse sec- 

 tion showing a cross. Seeds very numerous. Jn. — Aug. f 



2 T. Capensis Lindl. Glabrous ; lvs. unequally pinnate, Ifta. 3 to 4 pairs, 

 roundish -ovate, acuminate, serrate, bearded in the axils of the veins beneath; ra- 

 cemes pedunculate, dense-flowered ; cor. long, tubular, incurved ; stam. and sty. ex- 

 serted. — Cultivated. Cor. 2' long, yellow scarlet The style far projecting, f 

 Cape of Good Hope. 



3 T. grandiflora Delaun. CfflNESE Trumpet Flower. Climbing, glabrous ; 

 lvs. unequally pinnate, Ifts. 3 to 5 pairs, ovate-acuminate, dentate-serrate ; pani- 

 cle terminal ; pedicels nodding, tiglandular ; cor. tube scarcely longer than the 5-cleft 

 calyx. — Fls. of a rich scarlet, shorter and broader than in T. radicans. f China 

 and Japan. 



3. CATAL'PA, Scop. Catalpa. (The Indian name.) Calyx 

 2-parted ; corolla campanulate, 4 or 5-cleft, the tube inflated ; stamens 



■ 2 fertile, 2 or 3 sterile ; stigma 2-lipped ; capsule 2-celled, long, cylin- 

 dric. — ^Trees. Lvs. opposite or ternate-verticillate, simple, petiolate. 

 Fls. in large, showy, terminal panicles. 



C. bignonioides "Walt. Lvs. membranous, ovate-cordate, pubescent beneath, 

 acuminate, subentire ; branches of the panicle di-trichotomous ; oal. lips mucro- 

 nate. — A fine, wide spreading tree, native in the Southern States, but cultivated 

 at the North for ornament and shade. In favorable circumstances it attains the 

 height of 501; with a diam. of nearly 2f. Lvs. beautifully heart-shaped, with a 

 silky luster, often a foot in length. It blossoms in great profusion. Cor. cam- 

 panulate, wliite, with yellow and violet spots. Caps, cylindric near a foot m 

 length; seed winged. May— CTL (See Figs. 210; 284, 5; 463.) 



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