Ordeb 119.— CUPULIFERJS. 643 



5 Leaves mostly entire, the ends subequal, i'h^ petioles very Bbort. Fruit @. (*) . 



* Peduncle longer than the oblong acorn. Leaves evergreen '. . -No. 1 



♦ Peduncle shorter than the acorn. — Leaves downy beneath Noa. 2, 3 



— Leaves smooth both sides Nos. 4, 5 



S Leaves 8-lobed and dilated above, short-petioled, avmlesa when mature. Ft. (3). .Nob. 6, 7 

 § Leaves 8 to 9-lobed or pinnatifid, broad, lobes setaceouely owned. Fruit (2). (*) 



* Leaves at base cuneate, short-petioled, 8 or 5-lobed. Shrubs or small trees. .. .Nos. 8—10 



• Leaves at base abrupt or truncate, mostly long-petloled, 7 to 9-lobed. (a) 



a Nut one-third immersed in the saucer-shaped, fine-scaled cup Noa. 11, 12 



a Nut near half immersed, in the hemispherical, coarse-scaled cup. (b) 



"b Leaves cinerous-do wny beneath, acorn also downy No. 13 



b Leaves (except when young) glabrous both sides Nos. 14 — ^16 



Leaves 5 to 9-lob6d, divisions obtuse, never bristle -awn ed. Fruit (i), sessile Nos. 17 — 19 



I 



Loaves 13 to 26-toothed, downy benentb, teetli awnless. Acorn swoet, eatable, (o) 



c Acorns large (1' long) pedunculate Nos, 20, 21 



Acorns small (8" long) nearly sessile Nos. 22, 23 



1 Q. virens Ait. Live Oak. Lvs. coriaceous, cUiptic-oblong, obtuse, downy 

 and paler beneath ; cup turbinate ; nut oblong-obovoid, on a slender peduncle. — 

 In the maritime or low districts of the S. States. Tree 40 to 50, rarely lOf high, 

 of slow growth. Branches widely spreading. Bark blackish and thick. Wood 

 very heavy, close-grained, yellowish. Lvs. 18" to 3' long, short petioled, the old 

 ones cinerous-green, revolute-edged. Peduncle about 1' long, aeom 9" by, 6", 

 maturing the second year. May. — The timber is in great demand for ship build- 

 ing and is fast disappearing. 



2 Q. oinera Ph. TTplaitd Willow Oak. Lvs. coHacems, tardily deciduous, 

 lanceolate-oblong, entu-o, apex acutish, mucronate, margin revohite, white-downy 

 beneath, attenuate at base ; cup subsessile, saucer-shaped, nut svbgldbous. — Sandy or 

 pine barrens, Ta. to Pla. A shrub or small tree, 4 to 20f high, trunk not exceed- 

 ing 4 to 6' diam. Lvs. partly persistent, 1' to 30" long, resembling those of th» 

 live oak, but mucronate, and on the shrubby stocks often toothed. May. 



(3. SEEicEA. Dwarf; lvs. silky; tomentoTia beneath, 1 to 3' long, deciduous. — 

 South, in pine barrens. (Q. serioea Ait. Q. pumila Mx) 



5 Q. imbriodria Mx. Laubel Oak. Shingle Oak. (Fig. 138.) Lvs. decid- 

 uous, lance-oblong, acute at each end, briefly petiolate, very entire, shining-glab- 

 rous above, subpuiescent beneath (Jmi not hoary), mucronate at apex; acorn sub- 

 globous, in a shallow cup ; scales of the cup broad-ovate. — A beautiful tree, very 

 abundant in the W. States, also common along rivers, Penn. to Ga. Trunk 40 — 

 60f high, 1 — 2f diam., with a smooth unbroken bark, and a large head of coarse, 

 irregular branches. The leaves are dark green, thick and firm in texture, 3 — 6' 

 by 1 — li', forming a dense, heavy foliage. June. — The timber makes miserable 

 shingles. In Indiana it is called Jack-Oak. 



4 Q. Phellos L. Willow Oak. Ims. deciduous, linear-lanceolate, tapering to 

 ea£h end, very entire, glabrous, mucronate at apex ; acorn subglobous, in a shallow 

 cup. — A tree 30 to 60f high, borders of swamps, N. J. to Pla. and W. States. 

 Trunk straight, 10 to 20' diam., covered with a smooth, tliick bark. The leaves 

 which bear considerable resemblance to those of the willow, are of a light green 

 color, dentate when young, 3 to 5' in length. Acorns 6" diam. May. — The 

 timber is of little value. 

 /3. MARiTiMA. Low, shrubby; lvs. evergreen. — Sea coast, Va. to Fla^ A few 

 feet high. 



6 Q. laurifolia Mx. Swamp Laurel Oak. I/os. obUmceolate or lance-obovate, 

 acute, mucronate, entire, or some of them with 2 lateral teeth above, glabrous both 

 sides, base abruptly ending in a very short petiole ; cup saucer-shaped, nut de- 

 pressed-ovoid. — Damp woods, and often planted for shade, S. Car. to Pla. A tree 

 with handsome, dense foliage, partly evergreen, 30 to 50f high. Bark blackish, 

 rough. Lvs. 2 to 3' long, coriaceous, green both sides, shining above, often ap- 

 pearirfg triouspidate. Ped. IJ" long. Acorn as broad as long, cup 6" acrosa 

 May. 



/3. OBTtjsa. Lvs. obtuse, not mucronate, sessile. — Ga. (Pond). Fruit the same. 



6 Q. aquatica Mx. Water Oak. Lvs. wedge-obovate, entire, or mostly dilate* 

 and obscurely 3-lobed above, not mucronate, glabrous both sides, graduaily atlewu- 

 ated to a very short petiole ; cup subsessile, very shallow, nut globular. — Swamps, 

 Md. to Pla., also planted for shade. It is a handsome, round-headed tree, with 



