706 



Ordjcb 148.— LILIACE^. 



stem, consisting of 6 to 8 wedge-lanceolate Ivs. (3 to 4' by 9 to 12'^ ; the other at 

 the top, of about 3 ovate, shorter leaves. Fls. ia the upper whorl, 1, 2 or 3, pen- 

 dulous, with greenish, revolute segments. The stigmas are very long, reflexed, 

 dark red, J]. 



Order CXLVIII. LILIACE^. Lilyworts. 



Herbs with bulbous or tuberous stems, parallel- 

 veined, sessile leaves, flowers perfect, regular, 

 generally large and richly colored, perianth 6 

 (rarely 4)-parted, uniformly colored, free from the 

 ovary, stamens G (rarely 4), perigynous; anthers 

 introrse (extrorso in Uvuiaria), styles wholly or 

 partly united, ovary superior, 2 or 3-cellod. Fndi 

 a capsule, loculicidal, or a pulpy berry. Seeds 

 free or many, with fleshy albumen. Illustr. iu 

 figs. 58, GO, 63, 108, lU, 254, 259, 400, 454. 



Genera 147, species 1200, chiefly Bf\t[ro3 of tcmperftto 

 refiions. Tbe flowers of most aro beautiful, of many 

 brilliant, and of somo truly splendiil. 



Properties. — ^Tho order abounds 'in a bitter, Btimtiliint 

 principle and also in mucilage. Soino of tlie bulbous 

 species yield a nutritious diet, as the Asparagus, Onimi, 

 Garlic. The well known active medicine, squills^ is the 

 bulb of Scilla maritima, of S. Europe. The various kinds 

 of officinal aloes, aro tho product of several species of 

 Aloe. The powerful astringent, BragoiVs blood, is the 

 concentrated j uico of Draciena Draco of the Canary lelei?. 

 (Tho Tribe Uvulariaj is intermediate between Liliacese 

 and Molanthacen3, approaching tho latter by its mostly 

 cxtrose antliers, but best according with the former in Its 

 united styles, fruit, and in habit.) 



FIG. 715. Smilacina boreilia 

 showing tho 2 cells, &c. 



TRnJBS AND GENERA. 



6. A- berry cut open, 



S Plants bulboos at tho base, or with a thick, woody caudex. (*) 

 '^ Perianth segments united, forming a tubular flower, (d) 

 * Ferianth segments separate, not forming a tube, (t) 



t Stem (or caudex) leafy, at least below, few or many-flowered, (b) 

 t Stem (seape) sheathed at base, bearing a solitary flower, (a) 

 t Stem (scape) sheathed at base, leafless, many-flowered, (c) 

 I Plant with a rhizome, creeper, or fibrous roots. (**) 



*♦ Stamens declinate and curved-ascending. Flowers showy, (e) 

 ** Stamens straight and equal in position, (tt) 



tt Perianth segments united to near tbe summit (f) 

 tt Perianth segments separate, not forming a tube, (t) 



X Flowers in terminal, leafless clusters, small, whitish, (g) 

 X Flowers axillary, or terminal and subsolitary. — Leaves filiform, &o. (h) 



—Leaves ovate, »Sco. (k) 

 (Tkibe TULIPK/E. Perianth 6-lcaved. Fruit a capsule. Seed-coat soft and pale.) 



a Flowers nodding Erytoronidu. 



a Flowers erect Tulipa. 



b Nectary a linear groove at tho base of each segment Lilium 



b Nectary a roundish cavity at tho base of each segment Fbitillaeia. 



b Nectary none. Flowers panicled, — ^largc. Soeda many Ttocx. 



— small. Seeds 1 to 8 Nolisa. 



(TnTBB ASPnODELE.<E. Fruit a capsule. Seed-coat crustaceons, black.) 



Flowers in racemes, blue or purple Soilla. 



o Flowers in racemes or corymbs, yellow or white Oenithooahtm. 



Flowers in umbels,— white or roseate. Stamens straight Allium. 



-blue. Stamens deoUnate, curved AoApAtrruua 10 



