800 Okdbb 156.— GRAMINEjE. 



41. UNrOLA, L. Union Grass. (Diminutive from Lat.Mrews, one; 

 many flowers in one spikelet.) Spikelets compressed, 2-edgecl, 3 to 

 20-flowered ; lower flower or fls. neutral, of one pale ; glumes 2, cari- 

 nate ; lower pale flattened and wing-keeled, the upper double wing- 

 keeled, both awnless ; stam. 1 or 3 ; caryopsis free. — Z[ Smooth, erect, 

 flat-leaved grasses. 



§ Spikelets on slender pedicels, lar^e, elliptic. Pales nneqnal. Stamen 1 No. 1 



§ Spikelets subsessile, — large (6 to 16" long). Pales about equal Nos. 2, 8 



■ — small (2 to S" long). Palos very unequal No. i 



1 IT. latifolia Mx. Culm 2 to 4f, smooth, subsimple ; Ivs. 8 to 18' by G to 12", 

 lance-linear, glabrous, rough-edged ; sheaths longer than the internodea : paniola 

 loose, 8 — 12' long, nodding ; spikelets all on long peduncles, about 10" long, 

 ovate, flat, about 10-flowered ; glumes unequal, near twice shorter than the fls. — 

 Dry woods, middle and Western States. Singularly elegant and showy. Aug. 



2 IT. paniculata L. SEA-sms Oats. Culm 4 to 8f; Ivs. narrow, convolute, 

 very long ; sheaths fringed at the throat ; pan. large and spreading ; spikelets ovate, 

 short-pediceled, 12 to 20-floioered, several of the lower fls. neutral; pales about 

 equal; the lower 9-veined, obtuse; etam. 3. — Sand hills along the coast, Va. to 

 Fla. A tall rank grass. Jl., Aug. 



3 IT. nitida Ealdw. Culm very slender, vriry, branched below, 2 to Of; lys. 

 narrow, 2 to 4" wide; pan. slender and spike-Uke or with several spike-like 

 spreading branches ; spikelets subsessile, broadei- than long, about l-flowered, the 2 

 or 3 lower and the 1 highest abortive ; pales about equal, hng-poinied, the upper 

 re-incurved at base ; stam. 1. Ga. to La. Whole plant very smooth and shining. 

 Jn., JL 



4 U. gracilis M:s:. Culm slender, leafy, 3 to 4f ; Ivs. broadly-linear, t,iporing to 

 a slender point, fiat, 12 to IS' long; sheaths shorter than the joints; pan. long 

 raoemous, branches solitary, short, remote, erect ; spikelets with about 3 fertile 

 fls.; lower pale spreading, -J- longer than the upper; glumes rigid, acute. — Sea- 

 coasts, N. Y. to Ga. and La. Aug. 



45. PHRAG'ffllTES Trin. Eked. Spikelets 3 to 6-flowerc<l, the 

 lowest flower sterile and monandrous ; raohis beset with long, silky 

 hairs ; glumes 2, acute, keeled, very unequal ; lower pale subulate, 

 silky-villous at base (except in the lowest flower) ; stam. 3 ; style 2 ; 

 caryopsis free. — 2| Grasses tall, with broad, flat Ivs. and a large, diffuse 

 panicle. 



P. comm-Cinis Trin. Culm smooth, stout, erect, 6 — 12f high, often an inch in 

 diameter at base ; Ivs. lanceolate, 1 — 2f by 1 — 2', rough-edged, smooth and glau- 

 cous; panicle large and loosely branched, branches in half whorls, rather erect, 

 slender; spikelets 3 — 5-flowered, very slender, erect; glu;;!es shorter than the 

 flowers which are of a dark hue, with tufl^s of white, silky hairs, about as long as 

 the palea3. — 1( Swamps and about ponds, Mass. to III. and Con. July. (Arundo 

 Phragmites L., ed. 2.) 



46. ARUKDINA'RIA Kich. Cane. Spikelets compressed, 5 to 12- 

 flowered ; flowers imbricated, distant; glumes 2, small, awnless ; lower 

 pale ovate, acuminate-mucronate, not carinate ; stamens 3 ; stigmas 3 ; 

 pluraous; scales 3, entire ; caryopsis free, deciduous. — If Grasses shrubby 

 or arborescent, often branched, the branches verticillate-fascicled. Fls. 

 both perfect and staminate. 



A. macrosperma Mx. Culm woody, from strong, running rhizomes; Iva. 

 linear-lanceolate, smooth, glaucous, all dimensions from 1' by 3" to If by 2' ; 

 sheaths fringed at throat ; flowering branches mostly arising from the rootstocks, 

 6 to 12' or 18' high, with sheaths only, bearing 1 to several large (1 to 2-J-') spike- 

 lets; pales herbaceous, 8" long. — In swampy soils, throughout the S. States. The 

 fertile plants are smaU and inconspicuous, while the barren arise 16 to 25f in the 



