16 THE VIlirE-DRESSEE'S MANUAL. 



and animals of every description, as it is well known 

 that such prevail more largely upon plains. 



There exists, however, a great difference between 

 the foot, the middle, and the crest of hill-sides. The 

 middle gives the best wine ; the foot is more or less 

 subject to frost, and does not receive adequately" the 

 sun's rays ; while the crest is too much exposed to 

 cold winds, in addition to its soil being very seldom 

 good enough. 



Nor must neighboring objects be lost sight of in lo- 

 cating vineyards. Favorable is everything which 

 tends to temper and somewhat increase warmth, and 

 which protects against frosts, raw winds, and other 

 casualties ; such as woods, buQdings, high walls, and 

 adjoining hills, provided they are in the rear or north 

 of vineyards, and such localities will always produce 

 the earliest ripe fruit and the best quality of wine. 



Injurious objects, when too near neighbors, such as 

 lakes, ponds, swamps, and cold wet woods, are to be 

 avoided, as from all these cold mists are apt to gener- 

 ate. HiUs, houses, trees, &c., should not be so near as 

 to throw a shade over the vineyard. Vineyards 

 should never be planted along deep valleys, hollows 

 or gorges, which run east and west, since such almost 

 invariably produce, in winter especially, constant 

 drafts of wind, and they are more or less injurious. 

 Grass and clover patches should not be too near, as 



