34 THE VINE-DKESSEE's MAJSrUAL. 



form a protection to tlie cutting when in the ground, 

 and that it may be held thereby when planting. 



In taking off the first cutting from the old wood, the 

 foot should be the very first bud near, or, if possible, 

 upon the old wood, as in the best cutting, marked 

 letter C. 



That proper caution should be used to keep the cut- 

 tings right side up into the ground, will, I am sure, be 

 understood by all. The upper part of the cutting may 

 easUy be ascertained by the upward pointing of the 

 bud. 



The planting is now performed ; if by cuttings, two 

 to each hiU, sometimes by making holes with a hoe or 

 spade as near as possible to the marking stick, which 

 remains in its place. 



The cuttings are then put in and covered carefully 

 with earth. 



But there is another, much speedier and equally good 

 method. Have one or two " stilts" made, about four 

 feet long and three inches thick, pointed with an iron 

 socket of about twenty-two inches length. See Figs. 

 5 and 6. 



With these stilts the holes are made close to the 

 marking sticks two feet deep, and by moving the stilt 

 from side to side the hole can be made sufficiently 

 large. 



There may be one hole to each cutting, or both cut- 



