MANURES. 87 



with ground. It is most excellent to pour over it fre- 

 quently the liquids of horse and cow stables. Let it 

 rot for a year, and then remove it into the vineyard, 

 and the eflfects of such compost manure are far supe- 

 rior to any other. 



Woollen rags are excellent, applied alone. They 

 rot soon, when placed around the stem of the vine and 

 covered with ground. 



Horn shavings and filings are also very good, so are 

 hair and all kinds of leather. I prefer, however, to 

 throw every one of these last-named materials into the 

 compost heaps, mixing and rotting them with the 

 rest. 



No vineyard should be manured oftener than once 

 in two years ; and where the ground is rich, it should 

 be done only every three or four years. During the 

 first three or even four years, no manure need be 

 applied, except preparatory to the first bearing 

 year, and then sparingly immediately around the 

 vines. 



The quantity is not so easy to determine, but fifteen 

 to twenty good two-horse loads of compost manure 

 per acre would not be too much. 



Woollen rags, horn-shavings, hair, and such special 



strong manures, had better be applied in the fall. 



Compost manure, if well rotted, may be applied during 



fall or spring. I have ever disapproved manuring 

 4* 



