MUSTARD FAMILY. 55 



C. prat6nsis, Cuckoo-Flowek or Ladies' Smock. Stem ascending 

 from a short jjerennial rootstock ; the pinnate leaves with rounded and stalked 

 entire small leaflets ; flowens in spring, showy, pink or white : in bogs at the 

 north, and a double-flowered variety is an old-fashioned plant in gardens. 



C. rhomboidea. Stems upright from a small tuber, simple, bearing rather 

 large white or rose-purple flowers in spring, and simple angled or sparingly 

 toothed leaves, the lowest rounded or heartshaped, the upper ovate or oblone : 

 in wet places northward. 



12. DENTARIA, TOO,THWORT. (From the Latin den«, a tooth.) H 

 iPj diph^lla, Two-leaved T., Pepper-root, or Crinkle-koot. So 



called from the fleshy, long and toothed rootstooks, which are eaten and taste 

 like Water-Cress ; there are only 2 stem leaves, close together, each of 3 rhom- 

 bic-ovate and toothed leaflets, and the root-leaf is similar ; flowers quite large 

 white, in spring. Woods in vegetable mould, N. 

 > D. laciniita, Laciniate T. Rootstock necklace-form or constricted in 

 2 or 3 pjaces, scarcely toothffd ; 'stem-leaves 3 in a whori, each 3-parted into 

 linear or lanceolate leaflets, which are cut or cleft into nan-ow teeth, or the 

 lateral ones 2-lobed ; flowers purplish, in spring : banks of streams. 



13. LUNARIA, HONESTY or SATIN-FLO WEE. (Name from Luna, 

 the moon, from the shape of the broad or rounded pods.) @ ij. 



L. biennis, Common Honesty. Not native to the country, but cultivated 

 in old-fashioned places, for the singular large oval pods, of which the broad 

 white partitions, of satiny lustre, remaining after the valves have fallen, are 

 used for ornament ; leaves somewhat heart-shaped ; flowers large, pink-purple, 

 in early summer. 



Ij. redlvlva, Perennial Honesty, is a much rarer sort, with oblong 

 pods ; seldom met with here. 



14. DRABA, "WHITLOW-GRASS. (Name is a Greek word, meaning 

 acrid. ) Low herbs, mostly with white flowers : the commoner species are the 

 following : fl. early spring ; winter annuals. 



D. Carolini^na. Leaves obovate, hairy, on a very short stem, bearing a 

 short raceme or corymb on a scape-like peduncle 1' - 4' high ; petals not notched ; 

 pods broadly linear, much larger than their pedicels : in sandy waste places. 



D. v6rna. A diminutive plant, with a tuft of oblong or lanceolate root- 

 leaves, and a scape 1' - 3' high ; petals 2-cleft ; pods oval or oblong, in a ra- 

 ceme, shorter than their pedicels : in sandy waste places. 



15. CAMBLINA, FALSE-FLAX. (An old name, meaning rfM«n/;/?a3;; 

 the common species was fancied to be a degenerate flax.) @ 



C. satlva, Common F. A weed, in grain and flax-fields, l°-2° high, 

 with lanceolate leaves, the upper ones sagittate and clasping the stem ; small 

 pale-yellow flowers, followed by obovate turgid pods in a long loose raceme ; 

 style conspicuous. 



16. CAPSELLA, SHEPHERD'S-PUKSE. {^amemenus a little pod.) (^ 

 C. Eursa-Fast6ris, Common S. The commonest of weeds, in waste 



places ; root-leaves pinnatifid or toothed, those of the stem sagittate and partly 

 clasping ; small white flowers followed by the triangular and notched pods, in a 

 long raceme. 



17. IB^iRIS, CANDYTUFT. (Name from the country, Iber..; an old 

 name for Spain.) Low garden plants, from Europe, cultivated for ornament; 

 different from the rest of the order in the irregular corollas. 



I. umbell^ta, Common C. d). Lower leaves lanceolate, the upper 

 linear and entire ; flowers purple-lilac (or pale), in flat clusters, in summer. 



I. semp6rvirens. Evergreen C. U Rather woody-stemmed, tufted, 

 with bright green lanceolate or linear-spatulate thickish entire leaves, and flat 

 clusters of pure white flowers, in spring. 



