COMPOSITE FAMILY. 195 



32. INULA, ELECAMPANE. (Ancient Latin name.) El. summer, y. 

 I. Hel^uium, Common Elecampane. In old gardens and nat. from 



Bu. by roadsides ; a stout herb, with stems 3° - 5° high from a thick mucilagi- 

 nous root (used in medicine), large entire leaves woolly beneath, those from the 

 root ovate and petioled, the others partly clasping ; heads large, but the rays 

 very narrow. 



33. CHEYSOPSIS, GOLDEN ASTER. (Name from two Greek words 

 meaning golden in appearance, from the yellow flowers.) Low herbs, wild 

 chiefly S. & W., in dry and barren or sandy soil : fl. summer and autumn. 

 C. graminifblia, from Delaware S. : silvery-silky, with long lance-linear 



and grass-like shining nerved leaves, and single or few heads. 1}. 



C. falc^ta, on the coast, from Cape Cod to New Jersey : only 4' - 10' high, 

 woolly, clothed to the top with short and linear 3-nerved rigid leaves, which are 

 often curved or scythe-shaped (whence the specific name) ; heads small, 

 corymbed. "il 



C. gOSS^pina, from Virginia S. : white-cottony all over (whence the name), 

 with oblong obtuse rarely toothed leaves, and few pretty large heads. % 



C. Maridilia, the commonest species, from Long Island S. : silky with long 

 and weak hairs, or smoothish when old, with oblong leaves, and a few corymbed 

 heads on glandular peduncles, y. 



C. villdsa, from Wisconsin S. & W. : coarsely hairy and somewhat hoary, 

 leafy to the top, with corymbed branches bearing single heads on short pedun- 

 cles, and narrow-oblong leaves, y, 



34. SOIiIDAGO, GOLDEN-ROD. (Old name, from Latin word to mafcc 

 whole, from supposed healing qualities.) There are very many species, flow- 

 ering through late summer and autumn. See Manual and Chapman's S. 

 Flora. The following are a few of the very commonest. % ,. 



§ 1. Heads clustered in the axils of the feather-veined leaves. 



S bieolor. Pale and downy or hairy, with oblong or lance-oblong scarcely 

 toothed leaves, and small heads with cream-colored or nearly white ray-flowers ! 



S. latifdlia, of shaded banks N. : smooth, with broadly ovate pomted and 

 sharply serrate thin leaves, and bright yellow ray-flowers. 



S. cSBSia is like the; last, but with more branched and glaucous stems, and 

 lanceolate or lance-oblong sessile leaves. 



8 2. Heads in racemes forming a terminal panicle. 

 » Leaves feather-veined, not 3-ribbed. 



S. aretta. Smooth, with the lowest and root-leaves oblong or lance-oval 

 pointed tnd sharply toothed, the upper narrower and entire ; the slender one- 

 sided naked racemes widely spreading or drooping. 



S altisflima badlv named, as it is mostly only 2° -4° high, one of the 

 eaMoSg'Go1den-r™s,'with rough-hai-y stem, small lance-ovate or 

 oblong and serrfte very veiny leaves, and one-sided recumng racemes of small 

 heads of bright-yellow flowers. 



# » Leaves feath^-veined and indistinctly tnple-ribbed, entire or nearly so, grayish. 

 S nemorklis. in dry open ground, flowering soon after midsummer, only 



10 -2?hSi pale with very minute down ; the leaves spatulate-oblong or oblan- 

 ieolate ,o^e-a dense ricemes numerous and at length recurving, and flowers 

 bright golden-yellow. 



* * « Leaves plainly either Sobbed or triple-rihbed : racemes one-sided, crowded, 



spreading <yr ncurving and forming an ample panicle. 

 S rnnnrl^nsia has roueh-hairy stems, lanceolate and usually serrate 

 pofnted ^favef S Sotny bTneath^but rough above, and small heads with 



'''s.'gigantfea is smooth or smoothish, especially the stem, and with larger 

 heads and rays than the preceding. 



