204 COMPOSITE FAMILT. 



* Disk dark purple, contrasting with, the ydlow rays. 

 *- Lieaves long and linear, l-nerved, entire, sessile: heads small dno* rta^xjl 

 ecrrymhed: involtwre of leaf-tike spreading scales. 



H. angustifblius, of pine-barrens from New Jersey S., has slendor roug)!. 

 stems 2° - 6° high, lower leaves opposite and rough. 



H. orgyilis, of Kansas and Arkansas, cult., has stems (6° - 10° high)^ an(\ 

 crowded very narrow alternate leaves smooth : fl. late. 



■t- t- Leax'es oval or lanceolate, opposite : stems l°-3° high, hearing solitary et 

 few long-pedunded rather large heads: involucre of short close scales, 



H. heteroph^llus, of low pine-barrens S. ; rather hairy, with lowesi 

 leaves oval or oblong, upper ones lance-linear and few ; scales of involucre 

 lanceolate. 



H. rigidus, of dry prairies W. & S. ; rough, with thick firm leaves lance- 

 oblong or the lower oval ; scales of the involucre ovate or oblong, blunt. 



* * Disk yellow as weU as the rays, or hardly dingy-brownish. 

 1- Scales of the involucre short and broadly lanceolate, regularly imbricated, without 

 leaf-like tips: leaves nearly all opposite and nearly entire. 



H. OCCidentWs, of dry barrens from Ohio W. & S. : somewhat hairy, 

 with slender simple stems 1° - 3° high, sending off runners from base, naked 

 above, bearing 1-5 heads; lowest leaves ovate or lance-ovate; upper ones 

 narrow, small and distant. 



H. zn611is, of same situations, is soft white-woolly all over, 2° - 4° high, 

 leafy to the top, the leaves heart-ovate and partly clasping. 



1- ■>- Scales of the involucre looser and leajy-tipped : stems leafy to the top. 



*+ Leaves chiefly alternate and not triple-ribbed. 



H. gigant^US, common in low grounds N. ; rough and rather hairy, 3°- 

 10° high, with lanceolate serrate nearly sessile leaves, and pale yellow rays. 



++ -w- Leaves mainly opposite, except in the last, 3-rWbed at base or triple-ribbed. 



H. divaricd^tus, common in dry sterile soil, has smooth stem l°-3° high, 

 rough ovate-lanceolate leaves tapering to a point and 3-nerved at the rounded 

 sessile base. ' 



H. birsfltus, only W., differs from the preceding in its rough-haiiy stem 

 1° - 2° high, and leaves with narrower base more or less petioled. 



H. StrumOSUS, common in low grounds, has mostly smooth stems 3° - 4° 

 high, broadly lanceolate or lance-ovate leaves rough above and whitish or white- 

 downy beneath, their margins beset with fine appressed teeth, and petioles short, 

 and margined. 



H. decap^talus, so named because (like the preceding) it commonly has 

 10 rays ; common along streams, has branching stems 3° - 6° high, thin and 

 bright-green smoothish ovate leaves coarsely toothed and abruptly contracted 

 into margined petioles ; scales of the involucre long and loose. 



H. tuberbsus^ Jeeusalem Artichoke (i. e. Girasole or Sunflower in 

 Italian, corrupted m England into Jerusalem) : cult, for the tubers and run 

 wild in fence-rows, probably a state of a wild S. W. species ; 5°- 7° high, with 

 triple-ribbed ovate petioled leaves, rough-hairy as well as the stems, all the 

 upper ones alternate, the running rootstocks ending in ovate or oblong edible 

 tubers. 



58. HELlbPSIS, OX-EYE. (Greek-made name, from the likeness to 

 Sunflower.) 



H. ISBVis, our only species, common in rich or low grounds, resembles 

 a Sunflower of the last section, but has pistillate rays and 4-sided akenes with- 

 out pappus : l°-4° high, smooth; leaves ovate or lance-ovate, triple-ribbed, 

 petioled, serrate ; head of golden-yellow flower? terminating the branches, in 

 summer. 2i 



