PRIMROSE FAMILY. 223 



• • From a depressed or bitcuil-shapedjleihy corm. 

 8. CYCLAMEN. Flower resembling that of Dodeoatheon, but only one on a 

 scape or stalk. Anthers sessile, pointed. ' 



§ 2. With leafy stems, the leaves simple and chiefly entire, 

 » In one whorl ai the mmmit of the slender stem ; parts cf the flower 7. 

 4. TRIENTALIS. Calyx and corolla wheel-shaped, of mostly 7 divisions united 

 only at base, those of the former linear-lalioeolate, of L latter Zong of 



thtenioweHSue.™''''' '""'"^ ^' *■'""== ''"'^^■•^ ""-S' --°g 

 * * In pairs or whorls along the sterna : parts of the flower mostly 5. 

 B. LYSIMACHIA. Corolla yeUow, wheel-shaped, 5-parted (or rarely of B 6 or 

 even 7 nearly or quite separate narrow petals). Filaments beardless often 

 monadelphous at base. Pod splitting into valves. 



6. ANAGALLIS. Corolla red, blue, or white, wheel-shaped, the 5 divisions broad. 



iilamente bearded. Pod (a pyxis) open by a transverse division, the top 

 lallmg oft as a hd, many-seeded. 



« » « Alternate leaves along the branching stems : base of calyx and ovary coherent. 



7. SAMOLUS. Calyx 5-oleft. Corolla beU-shaped, 6-cleft, with a little body 



like a sterile filament in the clefts. Stamens included. Pod many-seeded 

 splitting into 5 valves. Flowers small, white, in racemes. ' 



§ 3. With hollow inflated leafy stems ; the leaves whorled or scattered, the lower ones 

 pinnately parted: parts of theflmoer 5. 



8. HOTTONIA. CaJyx 5-parted. Corolla short salver-shaped: stamens included. 



Pod opening by 5 clefts down the side, many-seeded. Flowers small, in 

 whorls along the upper part of the stem and branches. 



1. PRIMULA, PRIMROSE, COWSLIP, &c. (Name from primus, 

 spring, from the flowering-time of true Primrose. )^ y. Two small species 

 are scarce along our northern borders (see Manual) : the following are the 

 common ones cult, for ornament. 



• Tender house-plant, with inflated conical calyx, and round-heart-shaped 7-9- 



Icbed leaves. 

 P. Sinensis, Chinese Primrose, a downy plant, with often proliferous 

 umbels of large and showy flowers, purple, rose, or white, sometimes double, 

 in one variety cut-fringed. 



* ♦ Hardy or nearly so, from Eu , with large tubular or oblong-bell-shaped angled 



calyx, and wrinlded-veiny oblong or spatulate leaves tapering into short iving- 

 margined petioles : flowers naturaUy yellow, in spring. 



P. grandifl6ra (or ACAtiis), Trde Primrose, has leaves somewhat 

 hairy beneath, and the large flowers rising on slender pedicels from their axils, 

 theproper scapes not developed ; corolla flat, sulphur-yellow. 



P. ofS.ciualiS (or viiEis), English Cowslip ; somewhat pubescent with ^ 

 minute pale down, scapes bearing the umbels above the leaves, much smaller 

 flowers of deeper color, and the limb of corolla rather concave or cup-like, the 

 {hroat commonly orange. The sorts of Polyanthus are cultivated varieties, 

 with flowers enlarged, of various colors, or partycolored, often more or less 

 double. 



» * * Scarcely hardy N., with bell -shaped calyx much shorter than the funnel- 

 shaped corolla, and smooth and thick obovate leaves, mostly covered with 

 some fine mealiness. 



P. Auricula, Auricula, of Southern Europe ; low, with sessile leaves, 

 and scape bearing a few fragrant flowers, these pale yellow, with varieties white, 

 purple, or of various hues, sometimes full double. 



2. D'ODBCATHBON. (Fanciful name, from Greek for ijoe/wep'orfs.) y. 



D. Me&dia, called Shooting-Star at the West, or sometimes American 



Cowslip : in rich open woods from Penn. 8. and especially W., and cult, for 



ornament ; smooth, with a cluster of oblong or spatulate leaves around the base 



