VERVAIN FAMILY. 241 



6. DIANTH^RA. (From Greek for daubk anther, alluding to the two 

 separated cells on each filament.) Fl. all summer. 3i 



D. OvS,ta. Muddy banks of streams S. : 4' -8' high, smooth, with lance- 

 ovate short-petloled leaves- longer- than the 3-4^flowered peduncles in their 

 axils, and small pale pu rpl e flowers. 



D. Americana, wet borders of streams : 2° high, smooth, with long 

 linear-latceolate leaves, and long peduncles (4' -6' long) bearing an oblong 

 spike of pale purple flowers. 



78. VERBENACEiE, VERVAIN FAMILY. 



Plants with opposite (or sometimes whorled) leaves, differing 

 from the other orders with irregular monopetalous and didynamous 

 or tetrandrous flowers by the ovary not i-lobed and with a single 

 ovule in each of its (1 - 4) cells, the fruit either fleshy or when 

 dry at length splitting into as many 1-celIed indehiscent nutlets. 



Besides the following some species of Clerodendron are culti- 

 vated, in choice conservatories. 



§ 1. Flowers tn heads, spikes, or racemes, the flowers expanding from below upwards. 



1. PHRYMA. Flowers In slender loose spikes. Calyx cylindrical, 2-lipped, the 



upper lip of 3 slender-pointed teeth, the lower short and 2-toothed. Corolla 

 tubular, 2-lipped, the upper lip notched, lower larger and 3-lobed. Stamens 

 included. Ovary 1-celled, forming a simple akene in the calyx. Herb. 



2. VERBENA. Flowers in spikes or heads. Calyx tubular or prismatic, B-ribbed 



and plaited. Corolla salveivform, the tube often curved, the border rather 

 unequally 6-cleft. Stamens included: upper pair sometimes wanting the 

 anthers. Ovary 4-celled, at maturity splitting mto 4 dry akenes or nutlets. 

 Herbs. 



3. LIPPIA. Flowers in heads, spikes, or racemes. Calyx tubular, 2- 6-toothed. 



Corolla tubular, with B-lobed 2-lipped border, the lower 3-lobed lip larger. 

 Stamens included. Ovary and dry fruit 2-oelled, 2-seeded. 



4. LANTANA. Flowers in heads or short spikes. Calyx minute, obscurely 



4-toothed. Corolla with an unequal 4-oleft spreading border, the upper lobe 

 sometimes notched. Stamens mcluded. Ovary 2-celled, becoming berry- 

 like, and containing 2 little stones or nutlets. Shrubs or herbs. 



§ 2. Flowers nearly regular, in cymes from the axils of the simple leaves : shrubs. 

 B. GALLIC AR PA. Calyx 4 - 8-toothed, short. Corolla tnbular-bell-shaped, short, 

 4 -B-lobed. Stamens 4, protraded, nearly equal. Ovary 4-celled,, in fruit 

 berry-like, with 4 little stones. 



5 3. Flowers irregular, in cymes or clusters in the axils of the compound digitate 



leaves or of the upper leaves reduced to bracts ; slirubs or trees. 



6. VITEX. Calyx 6-toothed. Corolla tubular, with a spreading 2-lipped border, 



the lower lip 3-pai-ted and rather larger than the 2-lobed upper lip. Stamens 



4, protruded, as is the style. Ovary 4-celled, becoming herry-Iike in the 



fruit, which contains a single 4-oelled stone. 



1. PHB'i'MA, LOPSEED. (Name of unknown meaning.) One species. 

 P. LeptOSt^hya. Copses, &c. ; 2° -3° high, with coarsely-toothed ovate 



thin leaves, and branches terminated by the slender spikes of very small purplish 

 flowers, in summer, the pedicels reflexed in fruit. IJ. 



2. VERBENA, VERVAIN. (Latin name of some sacred herbs.) FI. all 

 summer. — Genus of diflScult analysis on account of numerous hybrids, both 

 wild and in cultivation. 



§ 1. Vervains Tiative to the country, or growing as unld weeds, mostly in waste 

 or cultivated ground ; theflou-ers insignificant, in slender spikes ; no appen- 

 dage at tip of the anthers. All but the last with upright stems. % 



V. angustifblia, Narrow-leaveu V. Stems 6' -18' high; leaves nar- 

 16 



