SWEET-GALE FAMILY. 305 



^'tii!'^?^^' ^^^5^- (Classical Latin name, from the Greek, alludine to 

 ^,Tr.^^jTinV^nl ^^"'^^^ "^^^^""^ ^^^ *'^« (strkight^fnel 

 F. ferruginea, American Beech. Forest tree, commoner N.. with fine. 

 g^^'wr^K'. '''°'' ''^^ 'T"* "Sht gray bark, and light hori.ontaT sprar 

 the leaves oblong-ovate and taper-pointed, distinctly toothed, thin, their silk^ 

 hairs early deciduous, the very straight veins all ending in the saUeAt teeth ^ 



fliFrr.^tlr}^K\^"^°^'""', ^u"^"""' occasionally planted as a shade-tree, is 

 distinguished by broader and shorter, firmer, more hairy, and wavy-toothed 



:^Z:'°'-^^ "• '^" "'^'"/cj-',? 'ending to the sinuses. Copper Beech H 

 Tanety with crimson-purple foliage. ^^ u. «, 



*-cF°u^'^^Ff' HAZEL-NUT, FILBERT. (Classical Latin name.) 

 bhrubs, with flowers in early spring, preceding the rounded-heartrshaped 

 doubly-serrate, at first downy leaves. Edible nuts ripe in autumn. 

 C. Avell^na, Eitbopean H. or Filbert. Occasionally planted : 6° - 10° 



high, with bristly shoots, and smoothish deeply-cleft involucre about the length 



of the (1' long) oval nut 

 C. Amerieina, American H. Thickets . 4° - 6° high, with more downy 



shoots, leaves, and involucre, the latter open down to the smaller globular nut 



in the form of a pair of broad cut-toothed leafy bracts. 

 C. rostr&ta, Beaked H. Thickets and banks, mostly N. : 2° -5° high, 



with more ovate and scarcely heart-shaped leaves, the densely bristly involucre 



prolonged in a narrow curved tube much beyond the ovoid nut. 



5. bSTKYA, HOP-HORNBEAM. (Classical name.) Slender trees, with 

 very hard wood : flowers appearing with the (Birch-like) leaves, in spring. 

 O. Virgiuica, American H., Ibon-vtood or Levek-wood. Rich woods : 



tree 30° -50° high, with brownish rough bark, and oblong-ovate taper-pointed 

 sharply doubly serrate leaves downy beneath, the sacs of the fruit bristly at base. 



6. CABPINUS, HORNBEAM, IRON- WOOD. (Ancient Latin name.) 

 Low trees or tall shrubs, with furrowed trunks and very hard wood, the close 

 gray bark and small leaves resembling those of the Beech ; flowers with the 

 leaves, in spring. 



C. Americana, American H., also called Blue or Water Beech. 

 Banks of streams : 10° -20° high ; with ovate-oblong pointed doubly serrate 

 leaves, becoming smooth, and halberd-3-lobed bracts of uie involucre. 



107. MYRICACE.ffi, SWEET-GALE FAMILY. 



Shrubs, with resinous-dotted often fragrant simple leave.s, and 

 monoecious or dicecious flowers, both kinds in short scaly catkins or 

 heads, and destitute of any proper calyx, the 1-seeded fruit a fleshy 

 little drupe or at length dry nut, commonly coated with wax. 



1. MYEICA. Flowers mostly dioecious, the catkins from lateral scaly buds : each 



flower under a scale-like bract and with a pair of bractlets; the sterile of 

 2-8 stamens; the fertile of an ovary bearing 2 slender stigmas and surround- 

 ed by a few little scales. 



2. COMPTONIA Flowers mostly monoecious, the sterile in cylindrical catkins: 



the fertile m globular bur-like heads. Ovary surrounded by long awl-shaped 

 scales which persist around the smooth little nut. 

 S&F— ?4 



