324 ORCHIS FAMILT. 



lower face of which is the stigma. Lip broad, erect, with a recurving 

 rounded apex and a bearded crest down the face. Pollen-masses 4, two in 

 each cell of the anther. 



7. CALOPOGON. Flowers 2, 3, or several, in a raceme-like loose spike; the lip 



turned towards the axis, diverging widely from the slender (above wing-mar- 

 gined) style, narrower at base, larger and rounded at the apex, strongly 

 bearded along the face. Sepals and the 2 petals neai-ly alike, lance-ovate, 

 separate and spreading. Anther lid-like : pollen-masses 4. 



8. POGONIA. Flowers one or few terminating a leaf-bearing stem; the sepals 



and petals separate; lip crested or 3-lobed. Style club-shaped, wingless: 

 stigma lateral. Anther lid-like, somewhat stalked: pollen-masses 2, onfy one 

 in each cell. 



*^- ** Flowers mostly small, didUcohred, in a ^he or raceme on a brownish or yel- 

 lowish leafless scape : pollen^masses 4, globular, soft-waxy. 



9. COKALLORHIZA. Flowers with sepalsand petals nearly alike ; the lip broader, 



2-ridged on the face below, from its base descends a short sac or obscure spur 

 which adheres to the upper part of the ovary. Scape with sheaths in place 

 of leaves ; the root or rootstock thickish, much brancned and coral-like. 

 10. APLECTEUM. Flowers as in No. 9, but no trace of a spur or sac, larger. 

 Scape rising from a large solid bulb or corm, which also produces, at a differ- 

 ent season, a broad ana many-nerved green leaf. 



« * Anthers 2 (Lessons p. IH, fig. 226), borne otte on each side of ike style, and a 

 trowel-shaped body on the upper side answers to the third stamen, me one that 

 alone is present in other Orchids : poUen powdery or pulpy ; stigma roughish, 

 not glutinous. 



H. CYPKIPEDIUM. Sepals in appearance generally only 2, and petals 2, besides 

 the Up which is a large inflated sac, into the mouth of which the style, bear- 

 ing the stamens and terminated by the broad terminal stigma, is declined. 

 Pollen sticky on the surface, as if with a delicate coat of vamish, powdery or 

 at length pulpy underneath. 



1. SFIDSINDUM. (Name in Greek means upon a tree, i. e. an epiphyte. ) 



!E. COn6pseuill, our only wild Orchideous Epiphyte or Air-plant, is found 

 from South Carolina S. & W\ on the boughs of Magnolia, &c., clinging to the 

 bark by its matted roots, its tuberous rootstocks bearing thick and firm lance- 

 olate leaves (l'-3'long), and scapes 2' -6' long, with a raceme of small greenish 

 and purplish flowers, in summer. (Lessons, p. 36, fig. 88.) 



2. ORCHIS. (The ancient name, from the Greek.) We have only one true 

 Orchis, viz. 



O. spect^bilis. Showy Obchis. Rich hilly woods N. ; with 2 oblong 

 obovate glossy leaves (3'-5' long) from the fleshy-fibrous root, and a leafy.^ 

 bracted scape 4' -7' high, bearing in a loose spike a few pretty flowers,, pink- 

 purple, the ovate lip vvhite : in late spring. 



3. HABENARIA, popularly called ORCHIS. (Name from Latin habena, 

 a rein or thong, from the shape of the lip of the corolla in some species.) 

 Flowers in a terminal spike, each in the axil of a bract, in late spring or sum- 

 mer. In all but one species the ovary twists and the lip occupies the lower oi 

 anterior side of the flower. 



§ 1. Fringed Orchis. Lip and often the other petals cut-fringed or clefl, 

 shorter than the long curving spur: cells of the anther more or less diverging 

 and tapering below, the slicky gland at their lower end strongly projecting 

 forwards. These are our handsomest wild Orchises ; all grow in bogs or low 

 grounds: stems leafy, l°-4° high. 



* Flowers violet-purple, in summer : the lip fan-shaped, 3-parted nearly down to the 

 stalk-like base, and the divisions more or less fringed. 



H. flmbri^ta. Larger Purple Fringed O. Wet meadows from Penp. 

 N. E. : lower leaves oval or oblong, upper few and small ; raceme-like spike 

 oblong, with rather few large flowers in early summer ; petals oblong, toothed 

 down the sides ; lip almost 1 ' wide, hanging, cut into a delicate fringe. 



