78 THE DEER OF AMERICA. 
Red Deer. . .. . . . . Umrrevitye, Huds. Bay, 1638, 1790. 
Hupvson Bay Travers (Richard- 
son). 
Stag, . . 2. 1 1). «+ Pennant, Arct. Zodl., I. 27. 
Inrp., Hist. Quad., No. 45. 
The Wapiti. . . . . . . . Swsrrs, Griffith's An. King., IV. 96. 
Wapiti . . . . . . . . Barron, Med.and Phys. Journ., IJ. 
36. 
Warpen, U. S., I. 241. 
Wewaskiss. . . . . . . . Hearne, Journ., 360. 
Larger than any known deer except Cervus alces. Head slim and finely 
formed. Muffle partly naked. Eyes medium size and moderately prom- 
inent. Antlers solid, cylindrical, with many anterior tines, large, ex- 
panding, retreating, deciduous. Ears large and coarse. Lachrymal sinus 
large and naked. Neck rather short and elevated. Body round and 
rather short, hips sloping. Tail very short. Legs well formed and stout, 
but not fleshy. Metatarsal gland high up. Tarsal gland wanting. Body 
yellowish brown. Belly black. Neck brown to black. Legs chestnut 
brown. Rump and buttock white. Hoofs tawny brown. Antlers only 
on the males. Interdigital glands wanting on all the feet. 
GENERAL REMARKS. 
For more than fifteen years I have kept our Elk in domestica- 
tion. In all I have had more than one hundred individuals, all 
of which, except twelve, were dropped in my grounds. I have 
had as many as fifty-four at one time, and now have between 
forty and fifty; and have devoted much time to their study. I 
have hunted and studied them in their wild state, and I have 
corresponded and conversed very extensively with those who 
have observed their habits in their native range. I must claim, 
therefore, that I have had excellent facilities for learning their 
natural history, and if I have not profited by these it is because 
I am incapable of doing so. 
HABITAT. 
But few quadrupeds in our country have occupied a wider 
range than the American Elk. He was found in every part of 
the present United States and in northern Mexico; and was 
abundant in both Upper and Lower Canada, and in Labrador. 
In the interior, he was found as far north as the fifty-sixth or 
fifty-seventh degree of north latitude; but I cannot: find any 
evidence that he ever went so far north on either coast. 
Our Elk preferred the woodlands or the mountains, and only 
inhabited the prairies in limited numbers. Like the bison they 
a 
