THE GLANDS. 247 
of the wild reindeer from Norway, are at the cleft two inches 
long and are two inches and six lines broad, and measure around 
the curved edge three inches and six lines. The accessory hoof 
is one inch and nine lines long, and one inch and six lines broad. 
The accessory carpal bone is two inches and six lines long. 
This hoof corresponds in shape with that of our Woodland Car- 
ibou, with which the deer is specifically identical, and is of about 
the same proportionate size. I regret that I have no specimens 
of the Woodland Caribou from the northwest, where it reaches 
the frozen ocean west of the Mackenzie River, nor have I reliable 
information as to the size of this animal in that region. 
I have already shown that there is no marked peculiarity about 
the forms of the feet of the other species of our deer, nor is the 
distinction between them very marked. I have spent much time 
in examining their tracks in light snows, and could generally dis- 
tinguish the track of the mule deer by its being longer and slim- 
mer than the other ; but even as to this, I was sometimes in doubt, 
except in the cases of fully adult specimens, the feet of which are 
larger than the feet of the largest Virginia deer. 
When compared with that of any other quadrupeds, the track 
of the smaller deer is readily distinguishable. Its narrow heel 
and sharp points —its length in proportion to its breadth and 
graceful outside curvature, can never leave a doubt of the iden- 
tity of the track of a deer. It can never be mistaken for the 
track of the sheep, the goat, or the antelope. 
The white fugitive marking around the feet of the Virginia 
Deer, and its absence on all the others, except the caribou, has 
been explained in another place. 
THE GLANDS. 
From necessity the naturalist must ever be in search for pe- 
culiarities in organized beings which will enable him satisfac- 
torily to separate them into divisions, orders, genera, and species, 
and it is not remarkable that some more than others should at- 
tach importance to peculiar characteristics. 
On the 28th of June, 1836, Dr. Gray made some observations 
before the Zodlogical Society of London — see its proceedings of 
that date—‘ On the tufts of hair observable on the posterior 
legs of animals of the genus Cervus, as a characteristic of that 
group and a means of subdividing it into natural sections.” 
These tufts are found on the inside or the outside, or sometimes 
on both sides of the hinder legs of all the deer which Dr. Gray 
