Tilia 1663 



northern Germany, Denmark, and the Baltic provinces of Russia. Bolle, however, 

 states that it grows sparingly in these countries, and mentions small groups of wild 

 trees growing in the islands on the west coast of Sweden, near Stromstad. It is 

 most common in southern Russia, where in the provinces of Ukraine and Volhynia 

 it often forms pure woods, though it is also seen in mixture with the small-leaved 

 lime and Quercus pedunculata. It is also frequent in the southern states and Rhenish 

 provinces of Germany, and ascends in the Bavarian Alps to 3300 ft. It is also 

 widely spread in Austria, Hungary, and the Balkan States ; and occurs in Italy and 

 Spain, reaching its most westerly point in Asturias and New Castile. In France it 

 is found scattered in the forests of the plain, except in the Mediterranean region, 

 where, however, it has been observed as a rare tree in the Ravin des Arcs, 1 5 miles 

 north of Montpellier.^ More common in the hills and mountains, it attains its 

 highest elevation, 4600 ft., in the Pyrdndes-Orientales. It is replaced in Greece by 

 the closely allied species T. corinthiaca, Bosc, and in the Caucasus, north Persia, 

 and Armenia by T. caucasica, Ruprecht. Neither of these is in cultivation. 



This species is a doubtful native of England, and was considered by Watson to 

 be only a denizen, Bromfield^ says that the broad-leaved lime, though partly 

 naturalised in hedgerows, is nowhere indigenous in this country. Ley,' in 1889, 

 however, considered it to be truly wild in rocky woods in the lower valley of the 

 Wye, where, on the Great Doward and at Symonds Yat, it grows on bare limestone 

 rock in company with the small-leaved lime. The occurrence here of Pyrus latifolia 

 as an indigenous tree supports Ley's opinion. Baker* also considers it to be a 

 native of Yorkshire, where it grows on the limestone scars of the lower part of 

 Swaledale in a rocky wood, where no trees have ever been planted. Linton * also 

 records it as growing wild on limestone cliffs in Derbyshire. (A. H.) 



Remarkable Trees 



One of the oldest large-leaved limes in England is the famous tree ® planted by 

 Queen Elizabeth during her visit to Burghley Park, Stamford. This is now only 

 about 60 ft, high, having lost many limbs in recent years, but it is 20 ft. in girth, 

 and still bears foliage freely. 



The tallest trees of this species which I have seen are those on the hill in the 

 park at Longleat, where there are many from 120 to 130 ft, high, and some probably 



1 Elwes found a lime wild in the Foret de Sainte Baume, near Aubagne (Var), which was identified by M. Mader of 

 Nice with T. platyphyllos. It is recorded for this station by Albert and Jahandiez, Plant. Vase, du Var, 84 (1908). 

 Enormous trees of this species are said to have existed in France, one at Chateau Chaille near Melle (Poitou) having 

 measured 50 ft. in girth in 1804, when it was 538 years old. T. Hartig alludes to another at Saint Bonnet which was 55 ft, 

 in girth. Cf. Kanngieser, in Flora, xcix. 428 (1909). Willkomm, Forstliche Flora, 736, note (1887), mentions also large 

 limes in Germany, one at Staffelstein in Bavaria being 57 ft. in girth at three feet from the ground. We have not been able 

 to confirm these records. ^ Flora Vect. 83 (1856). 



' Flora Herefordshire, 54 (1889). The late Rev. Augustin Ley, who kindly sent me specimens for examination, in- 

 formed me in a letter, that "it occurs sparingly in aboriginal woodland, through Herefordshire, where there are nine stations 

 in which the tree is native. It extends northwards into Shropshire, westwards into Radnor and Brecon, and southwards 

 along the Wye valley into west Gloucester and Monmouth. In many of its stations it occupies crannies of limestone cliff, 

 where it is physically impossible that it should be planted." * Flora North Yorkshire, 274 (1906). 



6 Flora Derbyshire, 91 (1903). * Figured in Card. Chron. xvi. 400, fig. 78 (1881). 



