1658 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



in Russia are in the region extending southwards from Kostroma to the edge of the 

 steppe ; and here both this species and T. platyphyllos grow together. In Norway it 

 is found as a wild tree as far north as lat. 62° 9' on the west coast, and in Sweden 

 up to 63° 10' in Angermanland ; but according to Schubeler, it thrives when planted 

 as far north as 67° 56' in Norway, 65° 50' in Sweden, and 63° in Finland. 



It appears to be not a native tree in Belgium, Holland, Denmark, and north-western 

 Germany ; and is nowhere very common in central Europe at present, though it is 

 supposed to have been more widely spread in ancient times, as the word linden is 

 very prevalent in German and Slavonic names of places. It is rather a tree of the 

 plains than of the mountains ; but it ascends in Bohemia and Bavaria to 2000 ft., and 

 in Switzerland and the Tyrol to 4000 ft. Bolle informed Sargent that very old and 

 enormous trees '^ of this species, one being nearly 23 ft. in girth, exist at Paelitzaerder 

 on the Paarestein lake near Eberswalde. 



In France, it is met with in most of the forests of the plains and low hills, 

 except in the departments bordering on the Mediterranean. It is occasionally 

 treated as coppice, being used for firewood and making charcoal. Bast, which was 

 formerly a product of some importance, is now only produced in the forest of 

 Chantilly, nearly all the bast used being now imported from Russia. Mathieu 

 mentions a tree, planted at Gerardmer in the Vosges, which measured 95 ft. in 

 height and 19 ft. in girth, and was supposed to be at least 250 years old. 



The small-lea.ved lime extends southwards to about lat. 41°, occurring in 

 northern Spain, Italy, and the Balkan States ; but is unknown in Greece and Sicily. 

 HufifeP says that both it and T. platyphyllos are common in the forests of the hills 

 of Dobrudja, Roumania, where they are the dominant trees. 



The small-leaved lime is a native of England, ranging from Cumberland south- 

 ward. It occurs in woods in rather inaccessible positions, where it is a rare tree, 

 and more commonly in coppice, situations in which the indigenous vegetation has 

 often been preserved. Ray ^ considered this species to be a true native ; and in his 

 time it was frequent and wild in woods and coppices in Essex, Sussex, Lincolnshire, 

 and especially in Bedfordshire, " where there were thousands of lime trees." He 

 adds that it was less common in the Forest of Dean, and rare in Cranborne Chase in 

 Dorset. Many of the local floras give instances of its occurrence, as J. G. Baker* 

 for Yorkshire, who states that it occurs " at Slip Gill near Rievaulx, where aboriginal 

 woods composed principally of oak and hazel cover the steeply-sloping rocky banks 

 of one of the loneliest and pleasantest glens in the eastern calcareous range." Ley ® 

 records it for different parts of Herefordshire. Murray " says it is abundant in the 

 Leigh woods near Bristol. It is said'^ to be wild in several localities in Glamorgan- 

 shire. Bromfield^ mentions wild trees in one locality in the Isle of Wight, and in 

 aboriginal woods on the chalk at Bordean Hill, near Petersfield, Hants. 



Bromfield supposes that Lyndhurst, in the New Forest, owes its name to the 



' Bean, in Kew Bull. 1908, p. 397, mentions a tree in the Giosse Garten, Dresden, branching close to the ground, 

 where the trunk was about 8 ft. through. 2 Les Forits de la RoumanU (1890). 



3 Syn. Metk. 316 (1696) and Philos. Letters, 250 (1718). * Flora N. Yorks. 274 (1906). 



6 Flora Herefordshire, S4 (1889). « Flora Somerset, 64 (1896). 



7 Riddelsdell, injourn. Bot. Suppl. 18 (1907). s Fl. Vect. S3 (1856). 



