1656 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



17. Tilia Miqueliana, M.3.ximovficz. Cultivated in Japan. See p. 1684. 



Leaves remarkably variable in shape, deltoid or ovate, usually much longer 

 than broad, 3 to 4 in. long and 2 to 2\ in. wide, grey beneath ; serrations irre- 

 gular, ending in short points. (-^* ^v 



TILIA CORDATA, Small-leaved Lime 



Tilia cordata, MiUer.i Gard. Did. No. i (1768); Moench, Verz. Ausl. Weissenst. 135 (1785); 



Schneider, Laubhohkunde, ii. 372 (1909); V. Engler, Monog. Gait. Tilia, 74 (1909)- 

 Tilia europxa, Linnaeus, Sp. PI. 514 (1753) (in part); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. i. 364 (1838). 

 Tilia ulmifolia, Scopoli, Fl. Carn. i. 374 (1772) ; Sargent, in Garden and Forest, ii. 256, f. 1 1 1 (1889). 

 Tilia parvifolia, 'Ehrha.rt, Beitr. Naturk. v. 159 (1790); Willkomm, Forstliche Flora, 729(1887); 



Mathieu, Flore Forestiere, 29 (1897). 

 Tilia microphylla, Ventenat, in Mefn. Acad. Sc. Paris, iv. 5 (1803). 

 Tilia sylvestris, Desfontaines, Table Ac. Bot. Mus. Paris, 152 (1804). 



A tree, attaining 100 ft. in height and 20 ft. in girth. Bark smooth and grey 

 on young trees ; ultimately on old trunks divided by narrow longitudinal fissures 

 into scaly ridges. Young branchlets green, slightly pubescent at first, speedily 

 becoming glabrous, the pubescence, however, being often retained on short shoots ; 

 older branchlets dark brown. Leaves ^ (Plate 407, Fig. 8), membraneous, 2 to 2.\ in. 

 wide, usually broader than long, smooth and not wrinkled, cuspidate at the apex, 

 cordate at the base ; margin non-ciliate, regularly serrate, the teeth ending in short 

 cartilaginous points ; upper surface dark green, shining, glabrous except for 

 occasional long hairs on the nerves ; lower surface bluish or glaucous green, 

 glabrous except for the conspicuous dense orange-brown axil-tufts at the base, and 

 at the junctions of the midrib, primary, and secondary nerves ; tertiary veins scarcely 

 prominent on the under surface, and more irregular, and less straight and parallel 

 than in T. vulgaris and T. platyphyllos ; petiole about half as long as the blade, 

 slender, glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs. 



Cymes directed upwards, five- to seven-flowered ; bract long-stalked, glabrous ; 

 pedicels glabrous or with a few scattered hairs ; sepals pubescent ; petals glabrous ; 

 stamens about thirty, longer than the petals ; staminodes absent ; ovary tomentose, 

 style glabrous. Fruit globose, faintly ridged, apiculate at the apex, covered with 

 long scattered tomentum ; shell thin and fragile. 



In winter the buds are more globose than those of T. vulgaris or T. 

 platyphyllos, and appear to be composed of two external scales, though the 



1 E. G. Baker, m/ourn. Bot. xxxvi. 318 (1898), states that Miller's specimen in the British Museum is T. platyphyllos ; 

 but there is no evidence that this is a type specimen. It is plain from Miller's statement that T. cordata " grows naturally in 

 the woods in many parts of England," and from his identification of it with Tilia foemina, folio minore, C. Bauhin, Pinax, 426 

 (1 671), that he meant the small-leaved lime. 



2 The leaves on coppice shoots in the first year are remarkably large. Mr. Riddelsdell sent us specimens firom 

 Glamorganshire, with leaves 5 to 7 in. long and nearly as broad, coarsely toothed, deeply and narrowly cordate at the base, 

 ending at the apex in a long acuminate point, and on short petioles scarcely an inch in length. As the coppice shoots 

 lengthen year by year, the leaves gradually assume their normal form, small in size, broader than long, and with long petioles. 

 Lees, in Bot. Worcestershire, 16 (1867), argues from the variable appearance of the leaves of coppice shoots of T. parvifolia, 

 that the common lime is only a variety of the latter. The coppice shoots of most broad-leaved trees have peculiar leaves, 

 different from those in the adult state, and more alike in allied species, so that their discrimination is difftcult. 



