Crataegus i733 



to Mr. Bean, behaves to some extent like Laburnum Adami, and bore at Kew 

 in 191 1 three distinct kinds of foliage and flowers on the same specimen. One 

 of its branches was like the Asnieresi- form ; another branch was a pure medlar ; 

 and all the other branches were the Dardari form. Neither of the two hybrids 

 has as yet shown a branch of pure hawthorn. (A, H.) 



CRATAEGUS MONOGYNA, Hawthorn, Whitethorn 



CratcBgus monogyna, Jacquin, Fl. Austr. iii. 50, t. 292, fig. i (1775); Willkomm, Forstl. Flora, 835 

 (1887); Mathieu, Flore ForesHlre, 162 (1897); Schneider, Laubholzkunde, i. 781 (1906). 



Cratagus oxyacantha^ Linnaeus, Sp. FL 477 (1753) (in part); Druce, List of British Plants, 26 

 (1908). 



Cratagus oxyacantha, Linnaeus, var. monogyna, Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. ii. 834 (1838). 

 Cratagus oxyacantha, Linnaeus, sub-species monogyna. Hooker, Studenfs Flora, 127 (1870). 

 Mespilus monogyna, Allioni, Fl. Pedem. ii. 141 (1785); Willdenow, Enum. PI. Hort Berol. i. 524 

 (1809); Ascherson and Graebner, Syn. Mitteleurop. Flora, vi. 2, p. 27 (1906). 



A shrub or small tree, attaining occasionally about 40 ft. in height. Bark 

 greyish, broken on the surface into small scales. Young branchlets glabrous or with 

 scattered pubescence. Leaves, variable in shape and size, usually broadly ovate, 

 averaging if in. long, and \\ in. wide at the broad almost truncate or occasionally 

 cuneate base ; pinnatifid with five or seven deep lobes, separated by narrow sinuses ; 

 margin serrate ; upper surface with scattered white hairs ; lower surface pale green, 

 with similar pubescence mainly on the midrib and nerves ; petiole slender, \ to i in. 

 long, slightly pubescent. 



Flowers, variable in number in the corymb ; calyx-tube and pedicel pubescent ; 

 sepals five, triangular, soon reflexed, persistent on the fruit; petals five, usually 

 white, but occasionally pink, even in the wild state ; ^ stamens fifteen or twenty ; 

 style one.^ Fruit, ellipsoid or ovoid, reddish, with one stone, which is either smooth 

 or marked with shallow furrows. 



The seeds, when sown, do not germinate till the second year. The seedling * 

 has two obovate-oblong cotyledons, which are about f in. long, \ in. broad, shortly 

 stalked, glabrous, obscurely three-nerved, and raised above ground by a glabrous 

 caulicle about i to i^ in. long. The pubescent stem bears alternate serrated leaves, 

 the first three of which are small, cuneate, and three-lobed ; those succeeding becoming 

 larger and deeply five-lobed, 



1 C. oxyacantha, Linnaeus, included both species ; but this name was early limited to the two-styled species by Jacquin, 

 who separated the one-styled species as C. monogyna. All botanists until lately have followed Jacquin's nomenclature of the 

 two species, which is adopted by us. Recently much confusion has been caused by one or two writers, who restrict the name 

 C. oxyacantha, Linnaeus, to the one-styled species. These authors are obliged to use another name, C. oxyacanthoides, 

 Thuillier, for the two-styled species. 



^ Briggs, Flora of Plymouth, 143 (1880), records a bush with pink flowers, and another with deep red flowers. In 

 hedges near Cambridge shrubs with pink flowers are not uncommon. 



' C. kyrtostyla, Fingerhut, in Limtcea, iv. 372, t. Hi. fig. i (1829), is a form of C. monogytta, in which the flowers 

 have a peculiar curved or deflexed style. F. A. Lees, Flora of W. Yorkshire, 231 (1888), states that most old gnarled thorns 

 in parks and pastures show this peculiarity. 



* Cf. Lubbock, Seedlings, i. 500, fig. 324 (1900), where the seedling of this species is described under the name 

 C. oxyacantha. 



VII M 



