1848 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



The genus Ulmus comprises about twenty species, natives of the extra- 

 tropical parts of the northern hemisphere, extending in North America to the moun- 

 tains of southern Mexico, but not occurring in the Pacific coast region ; widely 

 distributed in the Old World, throughout Europe, and in Algeria and Morocco, and 

 spread through Asia in Siberia, Asia Minor, Persia, Turkestan, Afghanistan, the 

 Himalayas, China, Tongking, Japan, and Formosa. 



The genus is divided into three sections : — 



I. Blepharocarpus, Dumortier, Fl. Belg. 25 (1827). 



Oreoptelea, Spach, in Ann. Sc. Nat. xv. 363 (1841). 



Leaves, deciduous in autumn. Flowers opening early in spring before the 

 leaves, on elongated unequal pedicels ; calyx oblique, with five to eight unequal 

 short lobes. Samarae densely ciliate in margin. 



Of the species in cultivation, U. americana, U. racemosa, U. alata, and 

 U. pedunculata belong to this section. 



II. Madocarpus, Dumortier, Fl. Belg. 25 (1827). 



Dryoptelea, Spach, in Ann. Sc. Nat. xv. 363 (1841). 



Leaves deciduous in autumn. Flowers opening early in spring before the 

 leaves, on very short pedicels ; calyx with four to seven equal short lobes. 

 Samarae non-ciliate. 



Of the species in cultivation, U. montana, U. nitens, U. campestris, U. major, 

 U. minor, U.pumila, U.japonica, and U. fulva belong to this section. 



III. MiCROPTELEA, Planchon, in Ann. Sc. Nat. x. 260 (1848). 



Leaves sub-persistent or tardily deciduous. Flowers opening in autumn, on 

 short pedicels; calyx deeply divided into four to eight equal long lobes. 

 Samarae ciliate or non-ciliate. 



Of the species in cultivation, U.parvifolia and U. crassifolia belong to this 

 section. 



About fifteen species of Ulmus are in cultivation, and may be arranged as 

 follows : — 



I. Leaves with sixteen to twenty pairs of lateral nerves. 



* Leaves, with lateral nerves rarely forked ; axil-tufts inconspicuous or absent. 



(a) Leaves ciliate in margin. Branchlets without corky ridges. 



1. Ulmus pedunculata, ¥o\i^ero\iyL. Europe. See p. 185 1. 



Leaves usually obovate and widest above the middle, 2 to 4 in. long, biserrate 

 with incurved serrations, smooth above, densely pubescent beneath. Buds 

 elongated, fusiform, sharp-pointed. 



2. Ulmus americana, lAnnSiUS. North America. See p. 1855. 



Leaves oval, widest about the middle, 3 to 5 in. long, biserrate with incurved 

 serrations, scabrous or smooth above, more or less pubescent beneath. Buds 

 ovoid, obtuse. 



