Ulmus 1869 



acuminate at the apex ; upper surface shining, dark green, glabrous, smooth ; lower 

 surface with scattered pubescence and with axil-tufts ; margin coarsely biserrate ; 

 lateral nerves fourteen to sixteen pairs, very prominent beneath, straight, close, 

 parallel, occasionally forked ; petiole J in. long, densely pubescent. 



Flowers irregular in the number of the sepals and stamens ; calyx funnel- 

 shaped, i^g. to |- in. long, with four, five, or six bright pink lobes ; stamens, three to five, 

 with whitish filaments and dark red anthers ; stigmas bright red. Samara obovate, 

 f in. long, f in. broad, emarginate at the wide apex, with a shallow rounded notch 

 not closed by the incurved stigmas ; seed above the centre of the samara. 



This tree has usually slight corky ridges with peculiar brown fissures on the 

 branchlets of the third and fourth years. The leaves are thicker in texture, and 

 with more nerves than those of U. nitens. 



It was raised in Smith's nursery at Worcester, from seeds obtained from a 

 tree in Nottinghamshire. Some of the seedlings were purchased by Mr. Knight 

 of Downton Castle ; and one of them, which turned out to be of weeping habit, was 

 propagated. There are two Downton elms at Kew, about 25 ft. and 35 ft. high. 

 One of these produced ripe fruit in 1909, from which I raised twenty-nine seedlings, 

 very unlike in appearance, twenty-six having alternate leaves, and three having opposite 

 leaves. Mr. Knight informed Loudon ^ that he had raised plants of various kinds from 

 the seed of the Downton elm ; and specimens of these seedlings, representing seven 

 remarkably different elms, which were sent from Downton Castle in 1835, are pre- 

 served in the Kew Herbarium. A Downton elm, labelled U. Smithii, was 25 ft. 

 high at Glasnevin in 191 2. 



4. Ulmus belgica^ Burgsdorf, ^;«/?2V. Holzart. 270 (1805) {excl. syn. Du Roi, 

 Miller). Belgian Elm. 



Ulmus latifolia, Foederis, Man. de r Arbor, ii. 117 (1792); Petzold and Kirchner, Arb. Muse. 561 



(1864) (not Moench^). 

 Ulmus batavtna, Koch, Dendrologie, ii. pt. i. 414 (1872). 

 Ulmus campestris, var. bataviana, Simon-Louis, Cat. 1869, p. 96. 

 Ulmus campestris, var. belgica, Lavallde, Arb. Segrez. 235 (1877). 

 Ulmus campestris, var. latifolia, Gillekens, Ar boric. Forest. 38 (1891) (not Persoon^). 

 Ulmus hollandica, Spath, Cat. No. 113, p. 158 (1903-1904) (not Miller 6). 

 Ulmus Montana, var. hollandica,^ Huberty, in Bull Soc. Cent. Forest. Belg. xi. 566 (1904); Aigret, 



in Ann. Trav. Publ. Belg. x. 1230 (1905). 



A vigorous tree, with a straight rough-barked stem, and widely extending 

 branches, forming a broad crown of foliage. Young branchlets more or less 

 pubescent with scattered long white hairs, which are usually deciduous in summer, 



1 Arb. et Frut. Brit. iii. 1404, paragraph i (1838). 



2 The adoption of this name, justified by BurgsdorPs description, "Die hoUandische Ulme, le Yypreaude Holland," will 

 avoid the confusion that has been almost universal of this elm with the " Dutch elm " of England, and with U. hollandica. 

 Miller. The latter is an uncertain name, and cannot signify the Belgian elm, which has not the corky bark on the twigs, 

 characteristic of Miller's Dutch elm. Cf. p. 1883, note i. 



3 U. latifolia, Moench, Meth. 333 (I794). appears to be U. montana, to which Moench referred U. hollandica as a 

 form. While these sheets were passing through the press, I have been able to consult the Manuel by Poederle, one of whose 

 names for the Belgian elm, U. latifolia, is possibly its oldest certain name. 



4 U. campestris, var. latifolia, Persoon, Syn. PI. i. 291 (1805) is an uncertain name. « Cf. note 2 above. 

 6 U. montana hollandica, Planchon, in De CandoUe, Prod. xvii. 160 (1873) is a doubtful name. 



VII 2F 



