Ulmus 1 9 1 3 



almost pure elm, probably grown from suckers, which convince me that on suitable 

 soil and near a good market it might prove to be one of the most profitable forms 

 of woodland. 



At Brampton, near Huntingdon, I saw on the roadside a belt of elms of 

 moderate quality which stood thick on the ground, and am indebted to M. D. 

 Barkley, Esq., of Huntingdon, for the following particulars: — "The elm belt at 

 Brampton contained i acre and 30 poles ; there were 330 trees containing 8750 feet of 

 timber. These were left much too thick on the ground to develop properly." I 

 should expect on land worth 20s. to 25s. per acre, in the vale of Gloucester, or on 

 the Oxford clay, about 6000 to 8000 cubic feet per acre from elms grown from 

 suckers that had been properly trimmed, and this should be produced in from 70 

 to 100 years, according to the quality of the land. Assuming only gd. per foot to 

 be the .price, such a crop would realise .1^250 to ;^300 per acre at 100 years, 

 and no other tree except black Italian poplar would be likely to approach this 

 result. 



A good system on those properties which are managed systematically in elm- 

 growing districts is to leave in every chain of hedgerow two or three of the best 

 suckers to grow into timber ; and these are carefully trimmed every few years to 

 prevent their branches from spreading, and are felled when they contain 50 to 100 

 feet of timber. Such hedgerow trees are not detrimental to grass land, and 

 produce a sum equal in some cases to 15 or 20 per cent of the rent of the land 

 adjoining. 



With regard to the elm as a forest tree on the Continent, Huberty is of opinion 

 that it can only be cultivated profitably on fresh fertile soils, and in situations where it 

 can extend both its branches and its roots without hindrance. U. montana is less exact- 

 ing in its demands on the soil than the other species, and is extremely hardy, having 

 been unaffected by the severe spring frost ( — 4° Cent.) which severely injured, in the 

 Ardennes on May 26-27, oak, ash, chestnut, Robinia, and larch. U. montana keeps 

 pace in youth with the beech, though eventually it is suppressed by the latter in the 

 Foret de Soignes. The elm is liable to be split by severe frost, when the trunk is 

 exposed by a fall of timber. It requires light and room when it passes the youthful 

 stage. Mouillefert says ^ that the elm, which he calls U. campestris (but which is 

 U. nitens), forms nearly pure groves in the woods attached to the Agricultural 

 School at Grignon ; while Fliche states ^ that it forms a considerable proportion of 

 the forests in the valleys of the Sa6ne and Adour. 



Remarkable Trees 



Loudon says that the oldest trees on record are perhaps those at Mongewell 

 Park in Oxfordshire, once the property of the Bishop of Durham, but the figure of 

 these in Strutt's work {Sylva Britannica, plate xvi.) shows that they were neither 



' Essences Forestiires, 1 60 (1903). 

 2 In Mathieu, Flare Forestiire, 300 (1897). Cf. p. 1897. 



